甘薯小象甲生物学、生态学与综合治理OA

The sweetpotato weevil,Cylas formicarius,originated from the Indian subcontinent and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical sweetpotato-growing regions worldwide.It is an important quarantine pest internationally.In China,its distribution has expanded from the initial provinces of Guangdong,Guangxi,Hainan,Fujian and Taiwan to Yunnan,Sichuan,Chongqing,Guizhou,Hunan,Hubei,Zhejiang,and Jiangsu,with a continued risk of spreading to higher latitude sweetpotato-producing areas.Adults of C.formicarius feed on the tuberous roots and stems of sweetpotato,laying eggs in feeding holes.The larvae bore into the tuberous roots or stems,forming galleries and producing toxic secondary metabolites,which seriously affect the quality of sweetpotato products.Adults and pupae exhibit sexual dimorphism.The optimal developmental temperature is 25-30 ℃.It completes 3-9 generations per year,with overlapping generations and no diapause.Due to the cryptic and persistent nature of the damage caused by C.formicarius,integrated pest management strategies are essential for its control.Strengthening the management of seed root and seedling transportation is essential to reduce cross-regional spread.Agricultural practices such as field sanitation,selecting pest-free seed roots and seedlings,preventing soil cracking,early harvesting,and paddy-upland rotation are key measures for suppressing population density.The use of the sex pheromone(Z)-3-dodecen-1-ol(E)-2-butenoate can reduce male populations and monitor field population dynamics.The sterile insect technique(SIT)can also effectively control this pest.Biological control agents,including Beauveria spp.,Metarhizium spp.and entomopathogenic nematodes,have demonstrated control potential.Chemical control in production mainly involves the application of low-toxicity insecticides through hole application or root irrigation.Future research should integrate agricultural practices,ecological regulation,and chemical control strategies to establish a green integrated management system for C.formicarius.This review systematically summarizes the origin,biology,ecology,and advances in integrated management of C.formicarius,providing a reference for its sustainable management.