牛活体采卵技术影响因素研究进展OA

In dairy and beef cattle breeding,in vitro embryo production(IVP)has increasingly replaced in vivo-derived(IVD)embryos as the main source for bovine embryo transfer.As the initial and critical step of IVP,the efficiency of ovum pick-up(OPU)directly determines the number and quality of recovered oocytes,consequently,affects embryo yield.Therefore,a systematic analysis and optimization of environmental factors throughout the OPU process are essential for improving embryo production efficiency.This paper summarizes environmental factors influencing oocyte quantity,quality,and developmental competence across three stages:Pre-OPU,during OPU,and post-OPU.Pre-OPU factors include donor breed,nutritional status,hormonal treatment,age,and heat stress.Factors during OPU mainly involve the technical parameters of OPU equipment,aspiration frequency,etc.Post-OPU factors include cumulus cell coverage,cytoplasmic morphology,and the composition of the in vitro maturation medium.An integrated analysis of these factors enables systematic optimization of environmental management along the entire process—From donor body condition and hormonal regulation to OPU procedures and in vitro culture systems,providing a theoretical basis and practical guidance for standardizing and improving the efficiency of bovine embryo production technologies.