基于新兴替代方法的毒理学教学体系重构OA

New approach methodologies(NAMs)are emerging as a key direction in the development of international toxicology procedures,gradually driving the shift in toxicity assessment from traditional animal testing toward diverse,non-animal-based technologies.This review considers the global development of NAMs and categorizes their main technical types,including in vitro,in silico,and in chemico approaches,while analyzing their advantages and limitations.It further examines the evolving trends in toxicology education worldwide,highlighting the fact that many universities have incorporated NAMs into their curricula,with a growing emphasis on interdisciplinary integration and hands-on training.Based on the current state of toxicology education in China,this study proposes several recommendations to support modernization,including strengthening curriculum development in terms of NAMs,promoting interdisciplinary teaching models,incorporating remote and virtual experimental platforms,and enhancing faculty training and educational resources.