基于超声波的螺栓紧固轴力检测系统设计OACHSSCD

Aims:To overcome the low accuracy and calibration model distortion in the axial force measurement of critical bolts in large-scale structures,we designed and implemented an ultrasonic-based detection system for bolt axial force leveraging the acoustoelastic effect.Methods:With the Zynq platform as the core,ultrasonic excitation and processing modules were designed.A large-range hydraulic calibration platform was built to simulate the actual working conditions.This setup was used to calibrate the axial force of M36 bolts.A high-precision calibration model between the transit-time difference and bolt axial force was established.A composite time-of-flight(ToF)determination method was proposed to improve measurement stability and accuracy.The system achieved precise detection of the bolt fastening axial force.Results:Experimental results demonstrated that the system achieved a relative error of less than 2％in axial force detection within the 250～550 kN range.Conclusions:The system achieves high-precision detection of bolt fastening axial force in large-scale structures.It provides a more precise technical solution for monitoring axial force during the bolt installation process.