90份甜玉米种质的遗传多样性及遗传结构分析OA

[Objective]A systematic analysis was conducted on the genetic diversity and population structure of 90 sweet corn germplasms to explore suitable heterosis models and provide theoretical basis for sweet corn germplasm innovation and breeding of breakthrough new varie-ties.[Method]A 10K SNP maize chip was used to perform genome-wide scanning of the 90 sweet corn germplasms.Genetic similarity analy-sis,kinship analysis,and phylogenetic analysis were conducted to elucidate the genetic diversity and population structure.[Result]A total of 47 212 high-quality SNP markers were screened,with an average of 4721 markers per chromosome.The minor allele frequency(MAF)ranged from 0.005 to 0.5000,with an average of 0.2469.The polymorphism information content(PIC)ranged from 0.0905 to 0.6676,with an average of 0.2727,indicating a moderate level of polymorphism and relatively rich genetic diversity.The genetic similarity coefficient(GSC)ranged from 0.4586 to 0.9948,with an average of 0.6238.The lowest GSC was observed between SHENGTAF and TNL162(0.4586),indicating the greatest genetic divergence and distant relationship,whereas the highest GSC(0.9948)was found between YUET16-2 and YUET2-2,suggesting nearly identical genetic backgrounds,possibly derived from the same inbred line.Phylogenetic analysis divided the 90 germplasms into three groups:Group A consisted of 23 temperate germplasms such as GTL990,GTL1682 and GTL1622,Group B contained 19 tropical germplasms such as GTL3412,GTL3411,and GTL1706,and Group C comprised 48 subtropical germplasms such as ATL122,GTL312 and XUET 7401.[Conclusion]The 90 sweet corn germplasms exhibited rich genetic diversity.The heterotic pattern of'temperate × tropical germplasms'and'temperate × subtropical germplasms'can be used as ideal breeding heterosis model for sweet corn breeding in Guangxi.