发酵黄芪调节鸡EVs上调干扰素和白细胞介素-2基因mRNA转录OA

Astragalus polysaccharides have been shown to significantly modulate the expression levels of interferons and interleukin,yet the underlying mechanisms regulating these immune response pathways remain unclear.Recent studies indicate that extracellular vesicles(EVs)regulate multiple immune response pathways through the bioactive substances they carry.This study aims to investigate whether fermented Astragalus participates in the mRNA transcription of interferons and interleukin-2 genes by modulating EVs and their bioactive substances in chicken peripheral blood,thereby providing a theoretical foundation for understanding the antiviral effects of fermented Astragalus and developing novel antiviral drugs.Through the administration of fermented Astragalus,changes in the quantity of EVs in chicken peripheral blood were observed;the effects of EVs on the mRNA transcription of IFN-α,IFN-β,and IL-2 in chicken macrophages were assessed;differential miRNAs in EVs were analyzed to identify key regulatory miRNAs;and the consistency between target genes regulated by key miRNAs and the mRNA expression profile in chicken peripheral blood was further validated.The results demonstrated that the quantity of EVs in chicken peripheral blood significantly altered after the administration of fermented Astragalus,and these EVs markedly promoted the transcription of IFN-α,IFN-β,and IL-2 in chicken macrophages.Differential miRNA analysis revealed that miRNA-1388a is a crucial miRNA facilitating the transcription of IFN-α,IFN-β,and IL-2;further studies indicated that the target genes regulated by miRNA-1338a-3p were highly consistent with the mRNA expression profile in chicken peripheral blood.This study is the first to confirm that fermented Astragalus modulates the transcription of interferons and interleukin-2 genes through the regulation of chicken EVs and their mediated miRNAs.This discovery provides new insights into the antiviral mechanisms of fermented Astragalus and establishes a theoretical basis for the development of novel antiviral drugs.