西宁地区BIPV学生宿舍楼的多目标优化设计研究OA

Under the backdrop of goals of emission peak and carbon neutrality,buildings adopting BIPV technology can generate clean electricity through solar energy,achieving low-carbon emission reduction and becoming a green development direction for building.Focusing on current energy-saving research in buildings that primarily emphasizes energy consumption reduction while neglecting the synergistic optimization with PV power generation systems,this paper proposes a BIPV building design method based on multi-objective optimization.Taking a student dormitory building planned to adopt BIPV technology in Xining area,Qinghai Province as an example,the study first established a baseline model of the building using the Grasshopper platform.Then,simulations are conducted using Ladybug and Honeybee software in this platform to analyze the annual solar irradiation and carbon emissions under different model parameter settings,establishing its multi-objective optimization function to identify optimal parameter values.Finally,a sensitivity analysis of the parameters using the origin 2022 software is performed.The research results show that:1)The optimal design scheme for this building includes a building orientation of 16°(16° east of south),a south facade window-to-wall ratio of 0.42,a west facade window-to-wall ratio of 0.12,an east facade window-to-wall ratio of 0.28,a floor height of 3.7 m,and a roof angle of 18°.This solution ensures both a high annual solar irradiation for the building and a low annual carbon emission.2)When the building orientation ranges between-15° and 25°,the building achieves favorable solar irradiation and low carbon emissions.3)When the south facade window-to-wall ratio is between 0.40 and 0.50,the west facade and the east facade window-to-wall ratio both between 0.10 and 0.30,the building exhibits lower lighting energy consumption.4)When the floor height ranges between 3.7 and 4.2 m,the building achieves good natural light and reduced lighting energy consumption.However,excessively high floor heights leading to higher heating energy consumption in winter,necessitating a trade-off between natural light and heating energy consumption.5)Since roof angles between 10° and 23° demonstrate superior performance in reducing heating energy consumption,building total energy consumption,carbon emissions,and increasing annual solar irradiation,the roof angle can be selected within this range.These findings provide quantitative decision-making tools for BIPV building design in cold regions,and the proposed parametric optimization method can be extended to public buildings in similar climatic zones,offering practical guidance for transitioning green buildings from"energy efficiency"to"energy production".