中国南方水土流失区外来入侵植物风险评估OA
Risk assessment of invasive alien plants in erosion-prone areas in Changting County,Fujian Province
[目的]探讨福建省长汀县水土流失区治理后的外来入侵植物分布规律及其风险,为长汀县外来入侵植物分级监测策略及防控措施的制定提供参考.[方法]采用样线法对外来入侵植物科属种的组成、生境类型、入侵面积等进行实地调查,构建长汀县外来入侵植物风险评估体系,划分风险等级,并分析最高风险等级入侵植物的分布特征.[结果]共调查到50 种外来入侵植物,分属于 20 科 35 属,其中,菊科植物最多(16 种),占总物种数的 32％,其次为苋科(6 种),占总物种数的 12％.长汀县外来入侵植物中以草本植物居多(48 种),占总物种数的 96％.外来入侵植物主要原产地为美洲的,占总物种数的比例高达 90％.风险评估结果表明,长汀县外来入侵植物可分为极高风险(Ⅰ级,6 种)、高风险(Ⅱ级,8 种)、中风险(Ⅲ级,16 种)、低风险(Ⅳ级,16 种)、极低风险(Ⅴ级,4 种)5 个等级.长汀县外来入侵植物主要分布于道路用地,外来入侵植物的风险分布与道路密度相关性更强.南部乡镇分布的外来入侵植物种类最多,极高风险外来入侵植物多分布在中部及东北部乡镇,其中,新桥镇与三州镇外来植物入侵风险较高.[结论]长汀县外来入侵植物以菊科、草本及美洲起源种占优,并发现了新的入侵植物苏门白酒草.建议利用相近生态位的乡土植物对菊科优势种进行控制,并对道路密度较高区域以及乡镇的边界区域进行重点管控.
[Aim]This study examines the distribution patterns and invasion risks of alien invasive plants after soil erosion control in Changting County,Fujian Province.It aimed to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of risk-based tiered monitoring strategies and targeted management measures.[Method]The line transect method was used for on-site investigations on the composition,habi-tat types,and invasion areas of introduced alien plant species.A risk assessment system for invasive alien plants in Changting Coun-ty was constructed,and the risk levels were graded.The distribution characteristics of the invasive plants with the highest risk level were analyzed.[Result]A total of 50 alien invasive plant species were recorded,belonging to 35 genera of 20 families.Herbaceous species predominated,with 48 species accounting for 96％of the total.Asteraceae had the highest representation,with 16 species(32％of the total),followed by Amaranthaceae with 6 species(12％of the total).Approximately 90％of the invasive species origi-nated from the Americas.The risk assessment results indicated that invasive alien plants in Changting County can be classified into five risk grades:extremely high risk(Grade Ⅰ,6 species),high risk(Grade Ⅱ,8 species),moderate risk(Grade Ⅲ,16 spe-cies),low risk(Grade Ⅳ,16 species),and extremely low risk(Grade Ⅴ,4 species).In Changting County,invasive species were mainly distributed along roadsides,with the highest species richness observed in the southern townships.Extremely high-risk alien plants were concentrated in the central and northeastern townships,with Xinqiao and Sanzhou towns exhibiting the highest o-verall invasion risk.[Conclusion]The invasive plants in Changting County are mainly members of Asteraceae,herbaceous plants,and species originated from the Americas.A new invasive plant,Erigeron sumatrensis,was also discovered.It is suggested that the dominant species of Asteraceae should be controlled by using native plants with similar ecological niches,and special attention should be paid to the areas with high road density and the boundaries of towns.
黄彦恺;冉诚渝;黎桐妍;苏子昂;林松昆;傅伟聪
福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建 福州 350108福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建 福州 350108福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建 福州 350108福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建 福州 350108福建农林大学林学院,福建 福州 350002福建农林大学风景园林与艺术学院,福建 福州 350108||国家林业与草原局森林公园工程技术研究中心,福建 福州 350108
外来入侵植物水土流失风险评估入侵等级长汀县
alien invasive plantssoil and water erosionrisk assessmentinvasion levelsChangting County
《生物安全学报（中英文）》 2026 (2)
161-171,11
国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0193200)
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