荣成市梯改坡时空分异及其对土壤侵蚀的影响OA
Spatiotemporal differentiation of terrace-to-slope conversion in Rongcheng City and its impacts on soil erosion
[目的]探讨丘陵区梯改坡图斑时空分布特征,分析其对土壤侵蚀的影响及主要影响因素,为农业现代化与生态经济协调发展提供理论依据.[方法]以胶东半岛丘陵区荣成市为研究区,基于高分辨率遥感影像、1∶1万数字地形图和历年野外调查数据,运用地理重心模型探究了2014-2024年梯改坡图斑分布状况,并采用中国土壤流失方程和地理探测器等方法,对梯改坡后的土壤侵蚀变化及其驱动因素进行分析.[结果](1)2014-2024年研究区梯改坡面积1 468.91 hm2,其中快速增长期为2014-2016年,缓慢增长期为2017-2021年,平稳增长期是2022-2024年.崖西镇、夏庄镇梯改坡图斑面积分布最多.(2)梯改坡导致微地形、梯田措施和植被覆盖急剧变化.梯改坡第1年土壤侵蚀模数激增4～17倍[峰值24 340.4 t/(km2·a)],中度及以上侵蚀占比18.57%.梯改坡5年后土壤侵蚀达到相对稳定,轻度侵蚀占52.93%～62.51%,但侵蚀状态仍高于梯改坡前.(3)坡度、植被覆盖度及农村人均经济林面积对梯改坡土壤侵蚀解释力最为显著,q值分别为0.38,0.24,0.139.此外坡度∩植被覆盖度的解释力最高,q值为0.725.[结论]胶东半岛丘陵区梯改坡后第5年土壤侵蚀趋稳,但受坡度、植被覆盖度、人为活动等因子影响,土壤侵蚀与梯改坡前的原始状态仍有差距.因此,梯改坡实施中从生态、经济角度,应进一步优化地形-水路-生产道路-水土保持措施的一体化设计,以实现精准治理与长效生态保护.
[Objective]This study explores the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of terrace-to-slope conversion patches in hilly areas and analyzes their impacts on soil erosion and major influencing factors,thereby providing a theoretical basis for the coordinated development of agricultural modernization and ecological economy.[Methods]Rongcheng City in the hilly region of the Jiaodong Peninsula was selected as the study area.Based on high-resolution remote sensing images,1:10 000 digital topographic maps,and multi-year field survey data,the geographical center of gravity model was applied to investigate the distribution of terrace-to-slope conversion patches from 2014 to 2024.The Chinese Soil Loss Equation(CSLE)and the geodetector method were then used to analyze the variations in soil erosion and its driving factors after terrace-to-slope conversion.[Results](1)From 2014 to 2024,the total area of terrace-to-slope conversion in the study area reached 1 468.91 hm².This process 62.51％.However,erosion levels remained higher than those before conversion.(3)Slope gradient,vegetation cover,and per capita economic forest area in rural areas showed the strongest explanatory power for soil erosion after terrace-to-slope conversion,with q-values of 0.38,0.24,and 0.139,respectively.Moreover,the interaction between slope gradient and vegetation cover exhibited the highest explanatory power,with a q-value of 0.725.[Conclusion]In the hilly region of the Jiaodong Peninsula,soil erosion tends to stabilize in the fifth year after terrace-to-slope conversion.However,influenced by factors such as slope gradient,vegetation cover,and human activities,soil erosion levels still differ from the original state before conversion.Therefore,during the implementation of terrace-to-slope conversion,it is necessary to further optimize the integrated design of topography,waterways,production roads,and soil and water conservation measures from both ecological and economic perspectives,so as to achieve precise management and long-term ecological protection.
王海洋;李欢;马火碰;张洪达;陆一;张守昊;刘霞
南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心/江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京 210037淮河水利委员会 淮河流域水土保持监测中心站,安徽 蚌埠 233001南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心/江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京 210037淮河水利委员会 淮河流域水土保持监测中心站,安徽 蚌埠 233001南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心/江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京 210037南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心/江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京 210037南京林业大学 南方现代林业协同创新中心/江苏省水土保持与生态修复重点实验室,南京 210037
农业科技
梯改坡梯改坡图斑土壤侵蚀CSLE模型地理探测器
terrace-to-slope conversionterrace-to-slope conversion patchsoil erosionCSLE modelgeodetector
《水土保持研究》 2026 (4)
77-85,93,10
国家自然科学基金(32071840)水利部重点项目(SBJ2018010)
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