中药黄酮类化合物治疗多囊卵巢综合征的作用机制研究进展OA

Polycystic ovary syndrome(PCOS)is a common endocrine metabolic disease in women of reproductive age,characterized by hyperandrogenemia,ovulation disorders,and polycystic ovarian changes,and often accompanied by insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation.PCOS is often accompanied by menstrual dysfunction,abnormal increase in body mass,and skin lesions,which have a serious impact on the quality of life and reproductive health of patients.In recent years,androgen receptor inhibitors,aromatase inhibitors,oral contraceptives,and insulin sensitizers have been used in the treatment of PCOS.Although some progress has been made in terms of the efficacy of the disease,gastrointestinal discomforts,fluctuating hormone levels,body mass changes,and liver and kidney injuries are still side effects.Flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine can improve PCOS through various mechanisms such as anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,inhibition of cell autophagy and apoptosis,improvement of insulin resistance(IR),alleviation of hyperandrogenemia(HA),regulation of lipid metabolism,and modulation of intestinal flora,etc.,which can improve the life quality of patients,restore the reproductive function,and alleviate the related symptoms.Numerous studies have shown that flavonoids from traditional Chinese medicine can regulate the transcription and expression of PCOS-related proteins,and improve the hormone level,metabolic status and inflammatory response in PCOS.by modulating signaling pathways such as regulating phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/protein kinase B(Akt),mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK),nuclear transcription factor-κB(NF-κB),adenylic acid-activated protein kinase(AMPK),nuclear factor E2-related factor 2(Nrf2),transforming growth factor β1(TGF-β1)/Smad,and Janus kinase(JAK)/activator of transcription(STAT).Through systematic analysis of recent domestic and international literature,this study focuses on the molecular mechanisms and targets of flavonoids in traditional Chinese medicine in regulating PCOS,aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the study of the pathogenesis of PCOS,the development of new drugs and their clinical applications.