背带骑行裤对女性下肢灵活性影响因素研究OA

With the popularization of health awareness,cycling has gradually become a favored fitness method among the public.Cycling is a sport that requires the coordination between the human body and the bicycle.The upper limbs and trunk mainly support part of the body weight and control the direction,while the lower limbs provide power through 360° periodic pedaling.However,during cycling,the range of limb movement is relatively large,which can easily cause discomfort,including muscle fatigue,joint pain,poor moisture absorption and breathability,and friction in the crotch area.Therefore,implementing appropriate protective measures to avoid or reduce the risk of sports injuries is of great significance for improving the comfort during the exercise and ensuring safety.For different sports,people choose to wear different types of protective sports clothing,such as tight running pants,yoga clothes,hiking pants,and cycling pants.Among them,cycling pants are a type of high-elasticity,tight-fitting functional sportswear.Cycling pants can effectively eliminate the accumulation of lactic acid in the blood,reduce muscle vibration,relieve muscle fatigue,reduce friction in the buttocks and thighs,and also alleviate the traction and compression problems caused by the bending of various joints.In short,cycling pants can scientifically protect the human body from injury during cycling training.During cycling,the design of the shoulder straps of cycling pants not only affects the stability of wearing but may also impose certain restrictions on the flexibility of the trunk.Tight or poorly designed shoulder straps can increase the static load on the trunk muscles,alter the natural range of motion of the spine,and further reduce the coordination and flexibility of the upper limbs and trunk during movement.To balance support and flexibility,the elasticity,width distribution,and fixation position of the shoulder straps need to be scientifically optimized,and personalized adjustments should be made based on the body shape characteristics of the cyclists.Currently,most studies focus on the overall efficacy of cycling pants,such as pressure comfort and skin deformation analysis,while specialized research on the structure and flexibility of the back straps needs to be further developed. Therefore,to address this issue,this paper aimed to assess the impact of different styles of cycling pants on the flexibility of lower limb movement and wearing comfort.Four cycling pants with different shoulder strap designs and one without a shoulder strap were selected as experimental samples.A research method combining three-dimensional motion capture and subjective evaluation was proposed.Firstly,a survey was conducted among 203 female cycling enthusiasts to identify style preferences and wearing pain points.Then,the Qualisys system was used to measure the maximum hip joint movement angles and movement durations of nine subjects when they perform knee flexion,extension,and abduction in different cycling pants.A new indicator,activity loss rate,was adopted to quantify the degree of back strap restriction.Data were processed using MATLAB and analyzed using SPSS software.Finally,subjective evaluations were conducted and a comprehensive evaluation model was established using the analytic hierarchy process(AHP)to cross-analyze the effects of back straps and fabric on lower limb flexibility. The research found that different styles of straps and main fabric types of cycling pants have a significant impact on the hip joint movement angle(P<0.05).The X-shaped strap design is the best in terms of hip joint range of motion and movement efficiency,while the I-shaped strap has the strongest restriction,with the smallest movement angle and the longest movement time.The hip joint range of motion of the 80/20 nylon-spandex fabric cycling pants is significantly better than that of the 55/45 nylon-spandex fabric cycling pants.Excessive spandex content reduces lower limb flexibility,reducing the hip joint angle by approximately 10°.Cross-analysis shows that the strap structure and fabric have the most significant restriction on abduction movements and the least restriction on flexion movements.The subjective evaluation results are consistent with the trend of the experimental data.The strapless style has the highest score,and the X-shaped strap is better than other styles with straps.The weight of movement flexibility is higher than that of overall comfort,and the tightness in the crotch area is the most important indicator of overall comfort. The results show that the adoption of X-shaped shoulder straps in combination with 80/20 spandex fabric can effectively enhance the flexibility of the lower limbs and the wearing comfort of cycling pants.The three-dimensional motion capture and loss rate quantitative evaluation system provides a new technical approach for the quantification of cycling pants performance,which is conducive to improving product comfort and movement adaptability,and meeting the core demand of female cyclists for flexibility.