培肥措施对轮作周期内土壤肥力和作物产量的影响OA

[Objective]To explore the effects of different fertilization measures on soil fertility and crop yield during crop rotation cycles in the northern foothills of the Yinshan Mountains,Inner Mongolia.[Methods]From 2022 to 2024,four treatments were set:chemical fertilizer only(CK),chemical fertilizer+organic fertilizer(M),chemical fertilizer+straw(S),and chemical fertilizer+green manure(G).Under the conditions of a three-year fixed-plot rotation of potato-sunflower-oat,the effects of different fertilization measures on soil fertility were analyzed using soil physical and chemical properties combined with the fuzzy mathematics comprehensive evaluation method.The effects on crop productivity were analyzed using crop production energy.[Results]All different fertilization treatments affected soil physical and chemical properties,with the M treatment having the greatest effect.Compared with CK,the soil bulk density of the M treatment decreased by 6.37%-8.55%,the pH value decreased by 0.28-0.34,and the soil organic matter,alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus,and available potassium contents increased by 35.61%-44.59%,23.47%-42.22%,40.84%-51.86%,and 26.77%-52.08%,respectively.In 2024,the integrated fertility index(IFI)of soil under M treatment was 0.83,reaching soil fertility of GradeⅠ,while both S and G treatments reached GradeⅡ.From 2022 to 2024,the potato yield was M﹥S﹥G ﹥CK,and sunflower and oat yields was M ﹥G ﹥S ﹥CK.The yield of the M treatment increased by 12.28%-29.65%compared with CK,with significant differences(P＜0.05).The total crop production energy over the three years was M﹥G﹥S﹥CK,and the M,S,and G treatments significantly increased by 28.28%,13.29%,and 15.24%,respectively,compared with CK(P＜0.05).[Conclusion]The combined application of chemical fertilizers and organic materials can improve soil organic matter and nutrient contents to a certain extent,thereby increasing crop yield,and the chemical fertilizer+organic fertilizer treatment performs the best.