生态学中的"物理学嫉妒":源流、批判及其超越OA

Whether ecology can become a"hard science"comparable to physics is a profound issue that ecology has long faced.However,in addressing this crucial issue,a considerable number of scholars essentially hold the notion of"physics envy":advocating for the imitation of Newtonian-style physical laws,mathematical equations,and reductionism in ecology.This notion is essentially a simplistic transplantation of the mechanistic view of nature into ecology.Based on an analysis of the origins and manifestations of this notion,this paper reveals the problems associated with"physics envy"in ecology from three perspectives:the characteristics of ecology itself,the limitations of classical physics,and the constraints of traditional philosophy of science.In fact,transcending"physics envy"in ecology does not mean rejecting the adoption of ideas,methods,or concepts from physics.Rather,it entails embracing ecological complexity,breaking the myth of the mechanistic view of nature,and developing a new philosophy of science tailored to ecology,thereby forging a development path with greater ecological autonomy.Resolving"physics envy"in ecology can provide a philosophical foundation and multidimensional pathways for establishing a correct ecological view of nature.