天然多糖基复合止血海绵的应用研究进展OA

Hemorrhage is one of the most common complications in trauma and surgery,where excessive blood loss can increase mortality risk.Physiological hemostasis-a critical biological mechanism for hemorrhage control-involves cascade reactions of coagulation factors and proteins that ultimately form blood clots to achieve hemostasis.However,during surgery and emergencies,physiological hemostasis alone proves insufficient for hemorrhage control,necessitating auxiliary hemostatic materials to accelerate the process.Currently,no ideal clinical hemostatic material can simultaneously balance hemostatic efficiency,biocompatibility,and production cost.Consequently,developing safe,effective,and convenient hemostatic materials holds significant clinical significance.Hemostatic sponges,characterized by unique porous structures,exhibit strong fluid absorption capacity that effectively concentrates coagulation components,red blood cells,and platelets to promote blood clot formation,representing a vital research direction in hemostatic materials.Particularly,natural polysaccharide composite hemostatic sponges have become a research focus due to their dual advantages of hemostatic performance and excellent biocompatibility.Nevertheless,single-component polysaccharide sponges rarely achieve optimal hemostatic efficacy.Current research therefore focuses on utilizing polysaccharide macromolecules as matrix materials combined with other natural polymers,synthetic polymers,inorganic materials,or metal-containing materials.This approach was used to develop multifunctional hemostatic sponges with enhanced hemostatic capability and biocompatibility while endowing them with additional properties like antibacterial effects and wound healing promotion.This review summarizes preparation methods and hemostatic applications of various natural polysaccharide composite sponges and discusses their future prospects.