高原脱习服症诊疗与健康管理专家共识(2026版)OA

High-altitude deacclimatization syndrome(HADS),also known as high-altitude deadaptation syndrome,refers to a series of multi-system dysfunction syndromes occurring in individuals who have been continuously exposed to a high-altitude environment(altitude≥2500 m)for more than 3 months after returning to plains.It results from a sharp increase in partial pressure of oxygen,as the body readapts to a relatively higher-pressure and oxygen-rich environment at low altitude.In China,more than 20 million people travel between high-altitude and plain areas annually,with the incidence of HADS ranging from 30.0%to 87.5%,which has become a major public health issue seriously affecting the health of migrants to high-altitude regions.HADS presents with diverse clinical manifestations involving multiple systems such as nervous,cardiovascular,respiratory,and digestive systems.Mild cases lead to significant declines in work efficiency and quality of life,while severe cases may develop organ injury or even a forced return to high-altitude.In view of the high incidence,severe harm and lack of standardized diagnosis and treatment protocols for HADS,the Army Health Service Training Base of Army Medical University organized a multidisciplinary expert panel to formulate the"Expert consensus on the diagnosis,treatment,and health management of high-altitude deacclimatization syndrome(2026 edition)",grounded in evidence-based medicine principles.This consensus employs the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system to appraise the quality of evidence.Guided by basic theories and cutting-edge advances in high-altitude health management,and informed by literature review and semi-structured interviews,the panel formulated 16 recommendations encompassing the pathophysiology,diagnostic classification,prevention strategies,pharmacotherapy,and rehabilitative interventions for HADS.Furthermore,based on the principle of full-cycle high-altitude health management,this consensus established a HADS health management model centered on"Prioritizing Prevention first(P),early Identification(I),graded Intervention(I),and timely Rehabilitation(R)".This model spans three critical phases-prior to descent,during descent,and following descent-and progressively establishes an integrated"prevention-treatment-rehabilitation"tripartite framework,aiming to provide scientific and standardized diagnostic and therapeutic evidence for clinicians,improve the prevention and treatment of HADS,and enhance the quality of life of affected patients.