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基于深度学习和随机森林的飞行器传感器故障诊断OA

Aircraft Sensor Fault Diagnosis Based on Deep Learning and Random Forest

中文摘要英文摘要

传感器的高可靠性对飞行器控制和导航定位具有至关重要的影响.飞行器执行任务过程中突然遭遇的传感器故障会导致飞行器控制系统和导航系统接收错误信息,进而引发系统失稳和任务失败.针对传统长短期记忆网络(LSTM)算法在飞行器传感器故障诊断中的运算效率低下问题,本文提出一种基于改进型LSTM和随机森林(RF)的混合算法,以期实现飞行器传感器故障的高效诊断.首先,将传感器故障诊断问题转化为分类问题,利用融合注意力机制的LSTM模型对传感器数据进行预测,并通过残差序列生成方法反映传感器的工作状态.其次,通过随机森林模型对残差序列进行特征提取与分类,判断传感器是否发生故障及其对应的故障类型.最后,通过仿真试验验证了该方法的有效性.该方法能够有效提升传感器故障诊断的精度和鲁棒性,为飞行器安全运行提供可靠的技术支持.

The high reliability of sensors has a crucial impact on the control and navigation positioning of aircraft.Sudden sensor failures during the execution of aircraft missions can lead to the aircraft control system and navigation system receiving incorrect information,which in turn causes system instability and mission failure.In response to the low operational efficiency of traditional long short-term memory(LSTM)network algorithms in aircraft sensor fault diagnosis,this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm based on an improved LSTM and random forest(RF)to achieve efficient diagnosis of aircraft sensor faults.Firstly,the sensor fault diagnosis problem is transformed into a classification problem.The sensor data is predicted using a long short-term memory network model with a fused attention mechanism,and the working state of the sensor is reflected through the residual sequence generation method.Secondly,the residual sequence is subjected to feature extraction and classification using the random forest model to determine whether the sensor has failed and the corresponding fault type.Finally,the effectiveness of the method is verified through simulation experiments.This method can effectively improve the accuracy and robustness of sensor fault diagnosis,providing reliable technical support for the safe operation of aircraft.

方棋;余自权;杨浩;周瑞丰;崔玉伟

南京航空航天大学,江苏南京 210016南京航空航天大学,江苏南京 210016南京航空航天大学,江苏南京 210016南京航空航天大学,江苏南京 210016航空工业西安飞行自动控制研究所,陕西西安 710076

航空航天

传感器故障诊断深度学习注意力机制残差序列随机森林

sensor fault diagnosisdeep learningattention mechanismresidual sequenceRF

《航空科学技术》 2026 (4)

34-48,15

10.19452/j.issn1007-5453.2026.04.004

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