面向数据中心散热的方形微针肋散热器结构优化OA
Structural optimization of square micro-pin-fin heat sinks for data center heat dissipation
为了解决数据中心高热流密度服务器内微针肋散热器的流动阻力与传热性能的协同优化问题,通过三维热-流-固耦合数值模拟,系统研究方形微针肋散热器的针肋高度(Hfin)、边长(Dfin)及纵向间距(St)对散热器流动阻力与传热性能综合性能的影响机制.基于Ansys Fluent采用有限元分析法建立周期性对称模型,完成多物理场耦合数值计算,通过典型特征截面的流场与温度场分析,揭示几何参数对流动结构与传热性能的调控规律;最终,以通道压降(△P)、努塞尔数(Nu)为优化指标,完成散热器结构的多目标协同优化.结果表明:在雷诺数Re=600条件下,当Hfin在[1.00,150]mm范围内时,针肋与流体的有效换热面积不足,导致散热器对流换热能力显著衰减,而当Hfin在[1.50,2.00]mm范围内时,因针肋阵列区流道有效过流面积大幅收缩,诱发换热介质的流动阻力急剧攀升,导致散热器综合热工性能显著降低;换热介质在方形微针肋散热器中的流动阻力随Hfin、Dfin的增大和St的减小而上升;综合流动阻力和传热性能2种性能指标,方形微针肋散热器的最优参数组合为Hfin=1.50 mm、Dfin=0.20 mm、St=1.00 mm.研究成果可为高热流密度场景下微针肋散热器的精细化设计与性能优化提供理论依据与数据支撑.
To address the coupled optimization problem of flow resistance and heat dissipation performance of micro-pin-fin heat sinks used in high heat-flux servers of data centers,a three-dimensional thermal-fluid-solid coupled numerical simulation was conducted to systematically investigate the influence mechanisms of the pin-fin height(Hfin),side length(Dfin),and longitudinal spacing(St)of the square micro-pin-fin heat sink on the overall heat transfer and flow resistance performance.A computational model was established using periodic symmetric boundaries,and multi-physics coupled numerical calculations were performed based on Ansys Fluent.By analyzing the flow and temperature fields at typical characteristic cross-sections,the regulation laws of geometric parameters on the flow structure and heat transfer characteristics were revealed.Finally,with the channel pressure drop(△P)and Nusselt number(Nu)as the optimization indicators,a multi-objective collaborative optimization of the heat sink structure was accomplished.The results show that under Re=600 conditions,when Hfin within[1.00,1.50]mm,the effective heat transfer area between the pin-fins and the fluid is insufficient,resulting in a significant degradation of the convective heat transfer capacity of the heat sink.When Hfin within[1.50,2.00]mm,the flow resistance of the heat transfer medium increases sharply due to a substantial reduction in the effective flow area of the flow channel in the pin-fin array region,this leads to a significant reduction in the overall thermal performance of the radiator.The flow resistance of the heat transfer medium in the square micro-pin-fin heat sink rises with the increase of Hfin,Dfin and the decrease of St.Considering the comprehensive performance indicators of flow resistance and heat transfer,the optimal parameter combination for the square micro-pin-fin heat sink is Hfin=1.50 mm,Dfin=0.20 mm,and St=1.00 mm.The research results can provide theoretical basis and data support for the refined design and performance optimization of micro-pin-fin heat sinks in high-heat-flux scenarios.
陈泽瑞;吴欣;胡厚鹏;杨尚;肖健
贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳 550023||贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院,贵州贵阳 550025贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳 550023贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳 550023贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳 550023贵州电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院,贵州贵阳 550023
能源科技
工程传热、传质学数据中心方形微针肋散热器流动阻力散热性能结构优化
engineering heat and mass transferdata centersquare micro-pin-fin heat sinkflow resistanceheat dissipation performancestructural optimization
《河北工业科技》 2026 (3)
280-288,9
中国南方电网有限责任公司重点研发项目(GZKJXM20240009)
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