牛至挥发油化学成分分析及其对番茄灰霉病的控制效果研究OA
Chemical Composition Analysis of Origanum vulgare Essential Oil and Its Control Effect Against Tomato Gray Mold
[目的]探明牛至挥发油化学成分及不同给药方式对番茄灰霉病致病菌的抑制作用,为采后保鲜绿色熏蒸剂的研发提供参考.[方法]以中药材牛至为研究对象,采用水蒸气蒸馏法提取牛至挥发油成分,通过GC-MS技术分析鉴定其化学成分及相对含量;利用菌丝生长速率法测定牛至挥发油对灰葡萄孢菌(B.cinerea)菌丝生长的抑制活性,并用密闭熏蒸法评估其对采后番茄果实灰霉病的防病效果.[结果]水蒸气蒸馏法提取牛至挥发油 12 h得率为 0.26％,密度为 0.87 g/mL.牛至挥发油共检出 12种化学成分,其主要化合物为香芹酚(39.57％)和百里香酚(38.04％).培养6 d时,接触给药的EC50 为10.234 mg/L,熏蒸给药的EC50为2.872 mg/L.4 mg/L和8 mg/L牛至挥发油熏蒸处理采后番茄12 d后病斑生长抑制率分别为90.28％和100.00％.[结论]牛至挥发油采用熏蒸给药方式可明显抑制采后番茄灰霉病的发生与扩展,对其有显著抑制作用.在农业生产中可根据贮藏环境温湿度、病害初始发生程度及防控目标,灵活选择适宜浓度,以高效防治番茄灰霉病,降低经济损失,保障产品质量和效益.
[Objective]The chemical composition of Origanum vulgare essential oil and inhibition effect of different O.vulgare essential oil-deliver ways against pathogen of tomato gray mold were investigated to provide a reference for research and development of green fumigation agents for freshness of postharvest tomato.[Method]The chemical components and their relative content of the essential oil extracted from O.vulgare by a steam distillation method were identified and analyzed by GC-MS.The inhibitory activity of O.vulgare essential oil against mycelial growth of Botrytis cinerea causing tomato gray mold was determined by the mycelial growth rate method.The control effect of O.vulgare essential oil against gray mold of postharvest tomato was evaluated by the closed fumigation method.[Result]The extraction yield and density of the essential oil extracted from O.vulgare by a steam distillation method for 12 hours were 0.26％and 0.87 g/mL.A total of 12 chemical components were identified in the essential oil,and the dominant compounds were carvacrol(39.57％)and thymol(38.04％).After 6 days of culture,the EC50 of the contact delivery method and fumigation method against mycelial growth of B.cinerea was 10.234 mg/L and 2.872 mg/L respectively.The inhibition rate of 4 mg/L and 8 mg/L O.vulgare essential oil against disease spots of postharvest tomato by using the fumigation method for 12 d reached 90.28％and 100.00％respectively.[Conclusion]The fumigation way of O.vulgare essential oil can significantly inhibit gray mold occurrence and spread of postharvest tomato,which demonstrates that the fumigation way of O.vulgare essential oil has the significant inhibition effect against tomato gray mold.The appropriate O.vulgare essential oil concentration should be flexibly selected in tomato production according to temperature and relative humidity of the storage environment,and initial occurrence degree and control target of gray mold to efficiently control tomato gray mold,reduce economic losses,and guarantee tomato quality and industrial benefits.
姜珊珊;张秀歌;华萃;张冕;汤海明;刘德芳
贵州中医药大学 基础医学院,贵州 贵阳 550025贵州中医药大学 药学院,贵州 贵阳 550025贵州中医药大学 药学院,贵州 贵阳 550025贵州中医药大学 基础医学院,贵州 贵阳 550025贵州中医药大学 基础医学院,贵州 贵阳 550025贵州中医药大学 基础医学院,贵州 贵阳 550025
农业科技
番茄牛至挥发油化学成分灰霉病灰葡萄孢菌抑菌活性熏蒸法
tomatoOriganum vulgareessential oilchemical compositiongrad moldBotrytis cinereaantibacterial activityfumigation
《贵州农业科学》 2026 (5)
73-80,8
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