紫苏秸秆替代玉米芯对金针菇产量与营养品质的影响OA

[Objective]The effects of culture substrates with different perilla straw ratio on yield and quality of Flammulina velutipes were explored to provide the theoretical basis for reducing production cost of F.velutipes and utilization of perilla straw resources.[Method]The mycelial growth vigor,growth rate,yield,biological efficiency and nutritional composition of F.velutipes cultured on five nutritional substrates replacing part of corncob with perilla straw(0％,25％,50％,75％and 88％)were analyzed by a bag cultivation method to screen the optimal perilla straw formula for culture of F.velutipes.[Result]Adding perilla straw replacing part of corncob could increase organic matter,nitrogen(N),phosphorus(P)and potassium(K)content in the substrate by up to 90.45％,33.33％,20.00％and 34.78％respectively compared with the non-substituted ones,improve mycelial growth rate,yield and biological efficiency of F.velutipes and shorten the required time for full colonization of culture bags.The full bag days,mycelial growth rate and biological efficiency of F.velutipes cultured on the substrate with 50％perilla straw replacing corncob were 39 d,3.78 mm/d and 60.90％.The substrate of perilla straw with an appropriate corncob proportion could improve nutritional quality of F.velutipes significantly.The polysaccharide,reducing sugar,total amino acid and total protein content of F.velutipes cultured on the substrate with 75％perilla straw replacing corncob reached 49.96 mg/g,12 653.06 μg/g,5 599.15 μg/g and 25.54 g/kg,65.70％,137.54％,79.54％and 254.23％higher than CK,respectively.[Conclusion]From the angles of yield and quality of F.velutipes,the recommended formula of 13％corncob,75％perilla straw,10％wheat bran,1％quicklime and 1％glucose can be used as an alternative formula for cultivation substrate of F.velutipes.