丛枝菌根真菌提高牧草抗旱性的研究进展OA

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF)form symbiotic associations with most forage plants and play a key role in en-hancing their drought tolerance.In-depth exploration of the mechanisms by which AMF regulate drought resistance in forage plants is an important entry point for understanding the response mechanisms of grassland ecosystems to climate change and can provide a theo-retical basis for ecological protection and the development of smart pastoral systems in arid and semi-arid regions.This paper system-atically summarizes the growth-promoting and root-regulating effects of AMF on forage plants under drought stress and systematically reviews the regulatory roles of AMF on physiological metabolism of forage plants,including stomatal behavior regulation,protection of photosynthesis,enhancement of antioxidant defense systems,regulation of hormone networks,optimization of osmotic adjustment,and strengthening of mineral nutrient uptake.It further elucidates the molecular regulatory mechanisms by which AMF improve drought re-sistance in forage plants,as well as their synergistic or interactive mechanisms with other functional microorganisms.It is concluded that AMF enhance drought resistance of forage plants through three levels:"resource acquisition-physiological regulation-ecologi-cal synergy."Specifically,AMF expand the root absorption range through extraradical hyphal networks,activate soil nutrients,and en-hance the acquisition of water and mineral elements such as phosphorus,it can activate antioxidant defense systems,regulate the syn-thesis of osmotic adjustment substances,and coordinate stomatal opening and closing to maintain water balance and photosynthetic ef-ficiency,and it also constructs mycorrhizal networks to improve the rhizosphere microenvironment and soil structure,thereby enhanc-ing community-level drought tolerance.Future research directions are also proposed,suggesting the integration of multi-omics tech-nologies and long-term field experiments to systematically elucidate the drought-resistance regulatory mechanisms of the AMF-for-age plant symbiotic system,providing scientific basis and technical support for ecological restoration and sustainable grassland man-agement.