有机微量元素对哺乳犊牛生长性能和胃肠道微生物区系的影响OA
Effects of Organic Trace Elements on Growth Performance and Gastrointestinal Microbial Flora of Suckling Calves
本试验旨在研究开食料中添加有机微量元素对哺乳犊牛生长性能和胃肠道微生物区系的影响.选取 76 头(16±7)日龄、初始体重(41.85±6.00)kg 的健康西门塔尔犊牛,随机分为2 组,每组 38 头,单栏饲养.无机组在开食料中添加 1 g/kg 无机微量元素预混料,有机组在开食料中添 加 1 g/kg 有机微量元素预混料.2 组微量元素添加量一致,均为铜 20 mg/kg,铁400 mg/kg,锌 120 mg/kg,锰90 mg/kg,硒0.3 mg/kg.试验期69 d,分为2 个阶段:第1 阶段为第 1～34 天,第 2 阶段为第 35～69 天.结果表明:与无机组相比,有机组犊牛试验第 2 阶段及全期开食料干物质采食量和平均日增重显著提高(P＜0.05);试验全期腹泻率降低 18.88%;试验第69 天体高与十字部高显著提高(P＜0.05).微生物组成分析结果显示,与无机组相比,有机组直肠微生物中放线菌门(Actinobacteriota)相对丰度显著提高(P＜0.05),螺旋体门(Spirochaetota)相对丰度显著降低(P＜0.05);纤维降解相关菌属理研菌科 RC9 肠道群(Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group)、瘤胃球菌属(Ruminococcus)及益生菌属奥尔森氏菌属(Olsenella)、拟杆菌属(Bacte-roides)相对丰度显著提高(P＜0.05),潜在致病菌密螺旋体属(Treponema)相对丰度显著降低(P＜0.05).综上所述,与无机微量元素相比,在开食料中添加有机微量元素可显著促进哺乳犊牛生长,调节肠道菌群结构,改善肠道健康状况.
This experiment was conducted to study the effects of adding organic trace elements to starter on growth performance and gastrointestinal microbial flora of suckling calves.A total of 76 healthy Simmental calves with(16±7)days of age and initial body weight of(41.85±6.00)kg were randomly divided into 2 groups with 38 calves in each group,raised in individual pens.The inorganic group was supplemented with 1 g/kg inorganic trace element premix in the starter,while the organic group was supplemented with 1 g/kg organic trace element premix.The addition levels of trace elements in the two groups were consistent:copper 20 mg/kg,iron 400 mg/kg,zinc 120 mg/kg,manganese 90 mg/kg and selenium 0.3 mg/kg.The experi-mental period was 69 days,divided into 2 phases:the first phase was day 1 to day 34,and the second phase was day 35 to day 69.The results showed that compared with the inorganic group,the starter dry matter intake and average daily gain of the organic group were significantly increased in the second phase and overall phase(P＜0.05);the diarrhea rate in the overall phase was decreased by 18.88%;the body height and hip height at day 69 were significantly increased(P＜0.05).Microbial composition analysis revealed that compared with the inorganic group,the relative abundance of Actinobacteriota in rectal microbiota was significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of Spirochaetota was significantly decreased(P＜0.05)in the organic group.The relative abundances of fiber-degrading related genera such as Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group and Ruminococcus,as well as probiotic genera such as Olsenella and Bacteroides,were significantly increased(P＜0.05),while the relative abundance of the potential pathogen Treponema was significantly decreased(P＜0.05)in the organic group.In conclusion,compared with inorganic trace elements,adding organic trace ele-ments to the starter can significantly promote the growth of suckling calves,regulate the intestinal microbial structure,and improve intestinal health.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nutrition,2026,38(5):3480-3493]
牛颂;方晶子;徐焕;赵广瑞;张亚伟;徐明
内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特 014010长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司,长沙 410000长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司,长沙 410000内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特 014010长沙兴嘉生物工程股份有限公司,长沙 410000内蒙古农业大学动物科学学院,呼和浩特 014010
农业科技
有机微量元素生长性能腹泻率哺乳期犊牛胃肠道微生物
organic trace elementsgrowth performancediarrhea ratesuckling calvesgastrointestinal mi-crobiota
《动物营养学报》 2026 (5)
3480-3493,14
内蒙古自治区教育厅一流学科科研专项(YLXKZX-NND-007-9)长沙兴嘉科技创新项目(2024-XJ-01)
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