不同来源乳酸代谢与功能的差异研究进展OA

As an important metabolic product,lactate has two sources:endogenous(primarily L-lactate,pro-duced by glycolysis in somatic cells)and exogenous(containing a certain proportion of D-lactate,derived from dietary supplementation,intravenous infusion and intestinal microbiota fermentation of dietary fiber).There are significant differences in the metabolism and physiological roles of endogenous and exogenous lac-tate:endogenous lactate relies on monocarboxylate transporters(MCTs)-mediated lactate shuttle to rapidly maintain energy homeostasis through mitochondrial oxidation or gluconeogenesis,and directly regulates macro-phage polarization and inflammatory factor release in immune modulation;exogenous lactate uptake is affected by intestinal pH and hepatic clearance rate,it is preferentially used as a substrate for the tricarboxylic acid(TCA)cycle to supply energy,and its immune regulation depends on histone lactylation to reprogram cellular functions.These differences significantly impact animal health and production performance.This review sum-marized the differences between endogenous and exogenous lactate in sources,metabolism,energy supply and immune regulation,aiming to further clarify the molecular mechanisms underlying the metabolism of lactate from different sources and provide references for improving lactate utilization.[Chinese Journal of Animal Nu-trition,2026,38(5):3198-3208]