基于风险法和后果法的化工装置建筑物抗爆要求评估比较研究OA

The assessment of blast-resistant requirements for petrochemical buildings typically employs risk-based or consequence-based approaches;however,a systematic comparison of how different methods impact e-valuation results and design judgments is currently lacking.To address this gap,a comparative analysis of blast-resistant requirements was conducted using both consequence-based and risk-based approaches,employing a large ethylene unit and a general chemical unit as case studies.For the consequence-based approach,leak hole diameters of 25 mm and 50 mm were selected to simulate explosion consequences.Meanwhile,the risk-based approach utilized a blast load with a cumulative occurrence frequency of 1.0×10-4/year as the comparative baseline to evaluate the explosion overpressure,impulse,and positive pressure duration experienced by the tar-get buildings.The results indicated that in the large ethylene unit case,the 50 mm consequence-based approach yielded the highest values,and the 25 mm approach results consistently exceeded those of the risk-based ap-proach.Specifically,for the utility cabinet room located closest to the unit,the overpressures under the 25 mm and 50 mm scenarios were 3.6 and 5.4 times those of the risk-based approach,respectively.Conversely,in the general chemical unit case,the results from the 25 mm and 50 mm consequence-based approaches were similar,yet both were significantly higher than those of the risk-based approach,which produced explosion overpressures below 1 kPa for the buildings.These findings revealed that in units characterized by highly reactive materials,high flow rates,and concentrated explosion sources,the consequence-based results were more sensitive to the leak hole diameter,whereas in low-flow units,the differences caused by enlarging the leak size were limited.Consequently,the evaluation of blast-resistant requirements for petrochemical buildings should be based on a comprehensive judgment,carefully selecting appropriate assessment methods by considering the engineering de-cision timeframe,the importance of the target building,the material characteristics and operating conditions of the petrochemical unit,and the credibility of the leak scenarios.