随机退化路网中收费策略下多用户随机均衡的效率损失OA

In a stochastic traffic network with link capacity degradation,under the congestion pricing strategy,travelers are heterogeneous in the value of time,and the efficiency loss of congestion pricing strategy in heterogeneous stochastic traffic network is investigated.All users are assumed to follow the stochastic user equilibrium,based on the time criterion and cost criterion,a multi-criteria multi-class stochastic user equilibrium model and its equivalent variational inequalities are constructed,and the multi-class system optimum model is also presented while the road pricing toll is included in the system total cost.The efficiency losses of the multi-class stochastic user equilibrium against the multi-class system optimum under two criteria are defined and the upper bounds are derived.Furthermore,for the Bureau of Public Roads(BPR)travel time function,the free flow travel time parameter is introduced,and then the tighter analytical expressions of the upper bounds of efficiency loss under the two criteria are given.The results show that the upper bounds of the efficiency loss are related to the link degradation,the link cost functions,the users' value of time,the network complexity and the users' familiarity with the network.Finally,an example is given to verify the effectiveness of the conclusion.