Dual-action therapeutics of Ganoderma spores:integrating bioactivity and delivery for acute lung injury treatmentOA

Acute lung injury(ALI)is a critical condition characterized by the destruction of the alveolar-capillary barrier,infiltration of inflammatory cells,and an imbalance in oxidative stress,with a mortality rate reaching 30%-40%.Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)represents a severe form of ALI.The pathogenesis of ALI is complex,involving a cytokine storm,excessive production of reactive oxygen species(ROS),and endothelial cell damage.Current treatments,such as mechanical ventilation and glucocorticoids,offer limited efficacy and significant side effects,highlighting the urgent need for the development of novel,targeted treatment strategies.Recent studies have demonstrated that bioactive components of Ganoderma lucidum spores(GLS),particularly Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides and triterpenes,possess significant pharmacological properties such as antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,and immunomodulatory activities.In recent years,natural drug delivery systems have gained considerable attention due to their biocompatibility and functional diversity.Among these,GLS have emerged as promising carriers for the treatment of ALI,owing to their unique physicochemical properties and biological activity.The Ganoderma lucidum spore delivery system provides a dual-treatment paradigm,functioning simultaneously as a natural carrier and an active ingredient,which enhances its efficacy and safety for ALI therapy.Compared to synthetic materials,it boasts superior biodegradability,lower immunogenicity,and reduced preparation costs,making it well-suited for industrial-scale production.Furthermore,its clinical translational potential has been demonstrated in tumor adjuvant therapy,where it has shown promise in enhancing immune function and improving the quality of life for chemotherapy patients.This article reviews the potential applications and mechanisms of GLS as drug delivery carriers in the treatment of ALI.