Air-Breakdown Triboelectric Nanogenerator Inspired by Transistor Architecture for Low-Force Human-Machine InterfacesOA
Human-machine interface(HMI)systems require energy harvesters that can operate efficiently under low contact forces,yet conventional tactile triboelectric nanogenerators(TENGs)suffer from low surface charge density and unstable output.Here,we propose a human skin electric field-induced air-breakdown TENG(AB-TENG)with a transistor-inspired architecture.The device employs a base terminal to collect electrons from human skin via an ionized air channel formed by air breakdown,enabling efficient conversion of the skin’s electric field through two operational modes:indirect(accumulated output)and direct(instant high output).In direct mode,the AB-TENG delivers 165 V at 2 N and 290 V at 24 N,with a peak power of 22 mW-22 times higher than conventional tactile TENGs.Practical utility is demonstrated through a self-powered infrared remote control and an ultrathin keyboard.This work establishes a new design paradigm that transforms air breakdown from a limitation into a functional mechanism,advancing skin-electricity-enhanced thin-film TENGs toward next-generation self-sustaining HMI platforms.
Karthikeyan Munirathinam;Longlong Li;Arunkumar Shanmugasundaram;Jongsung Park;Dong-Weon Lee
MEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory,School of Mechanical System Engineering,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of KoreaMEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory,School of Mechanical System Engineering,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of KoreaMEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory,School of Mechanical System Engineering,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of KoreaDepartment of Precision Mechanical Engineering,Kyungpook National University,Sangju 37224,Republic of KoreaMEMS and Nanotechnology Laboratory,School of Mechanical System Engineering,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of Korea Advanced Medical Device Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of Korea Center for Next-Generation Research and Development,Chonnam National University,Gwangju 61186,Republic of Korea
信息技术与安全科学
Skin electronsAir breakdownElectrostatic dischargeLow contact forceHuman-machine interfaces
《Nano-Micro Letters》 2026 (7)
P.775-793,19
supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant funded by the Korean government(MSIT)(No.RS-2020-NR049568).
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