Extracellular vesicles drive stress-induced antibiotic resistance spread in soilOA
Antimicrobial resistance threatens millions of lives annually,yet its acceleration by non-antibiotic pollutants remains poorly understood.Artificial sweeteners,now ubiquitous in soils and waters,are known individually to promote conjugative transfer of resistance genes,but real environments contain complex mixtures whose collective impact is unknown.Extracellular vesicles(EVs)released by stressed bacteria serve as protected,long-range vectors for antibiotic resistance genes(ARGs),yet whether sweetener diversity modulates this pathway has never been tested.Here we show that increasing artificial-sweetener diversity dramatically enriches ARGs,virulence factors and mobile genetic elements inside soil-derived Evs,driving compositional shifts in 30.5%of EV-associated genera while leaving the bulk microbiome largely undisturbed.EVs originate from a small,fast-growing Pseudomonadota subset that upregulates vesicle-biogenesis genes in response to oxidative and membrane stress;these vesicles selectively package chromosomal resistance traits and transfer phenotypic resistance to recipient Escherichia coli.This stress-induced decoupling reveals EVs as rapid,hidden mediators of resistome mobilization that community-level surveys miss.By demonstrating that pollutant diversity itself drives resistance dissemination through nanoscale vectors,our findings establish EVs as a critical new indicator within the One Health framework and call for revised environmental risk models that account for chemical complexity rather than single-compound exposures.
Yi-Fei Qin;Wan-Rong Zhang;Lu Wang;Yi-Fei Wang;Da Lin;Tian-Gui Cai;Hong-Zhe Li;Qian-Sheng Huang;Matthias C.Rillig;Dong Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology,Ningbo Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun,Ningbo,315830,China State Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,ChinaYunnan Provincial Key Lab of Soil Carbon Sequestration and Pollution Control,Faculty of Environmental Science&Engineering,Kunming,650500,Yunnan,China Kunming University of Science&Technology,Kunming,650500,Yunnan,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology,Ningbo Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun,Ningbo,315830,China State Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology,Ningbo Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun,Ningbo,315830,China State Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,ChinaState Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,19A Yuquan Road,Beijing,100049,ChinaCollege of Resources and Environment,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan,430070,Hubei,ChinaState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology,Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100085,ChinaState Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,ChinaInstitute of Biology,Freie Universität Berlin,Berlin,14195,Germany Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research(BBIB),Berlin,14195,GermanyState Key Laboratory of Regional and Urban Ecology,Ningbo Observation and Research Station,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Urban Environmental Processes and Pollution Control,CAS Haixi Industrial Technology Innovation Center in Beilun,Ningbo,315830,China State Key Laboratory for Ecological Security of Regions and Cities,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen,361021,China
资源环境
Artificial sweetener diversityExtracellular vesiclesAntibiotic resistomeSoil microbiomeHuman health
《Environmental Science and Ecotechnology》 2026 (2)
P.54-65,12
supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2024YFE0106300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(42407165)Fujian Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(2023J02031)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2024M753157,2024T170898)Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20232577)Youth Innovation Promotion Association,Chinese Academy of Sciences(2023321)Ningbo Yongjiang Talent Project(2022A-163-G).
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