世界遗产气候灾害风险治理研究OA

Under the context of escalating global climate change and intensifying extreme weather events,world heritage sites—including natural,cultural,and mixed properties—are facing unprecedented climate-related disaster risks.These risks arise not only from acute extreme events such as floods,wildfires,droughts,storms,and heatwaves but also from slow-onset processes including sea-level rise,glacial retreat,permafrost degradation,and shifts in temperature and humidity regimes.Climate disasters pose systematic threats to the Outstanding Universal Value(OUV),integrity,and authenticity of world heritage properties,while also under-mining the livelihoods of local communities and the sustainability of regional socio-economic systems.Despite growing scholarly attention to both disaster risk management and climate change impacts on world heritage,ex-isting research has largely treated these two domains separately.Disaster risk studies have historically focused on natural hazards without fully integrating climate-driven dynamics,whereas climate change research on world her-itage has often lacked systematic engagement with disaster risk governance frameworks.This disciplinary frag-mentation,compounded by the limited integration of scientific,managerial,and indigenous knowledge sys-tems,has hindered the development of comprehensive governance strategies.A theoretical construction approach adopted in this paper grounded in a systematic literature review across disaster science,heritage conservation,climate adaptation,and ecological anthropology.It synthesizes four key theoretical perspectives:disaster risk system theory,which conceptualizes disaster risk as the product of interactions among hazard triggers,expo-sure,vulnerability,and coping capacity;adaptive governance theory,which emphasizes learning,self-organization,and multi-level coordination under uncertainty;social-ecological resilience theory,which focuses on the capacity of systems to absorb disturbances while maintaining core functions;and knowledge co-production theory,which advocates for the synergistic integration of scientific,managerial,and traditional knowledge systems.Four priority research areas are identified in this paper for advancing climate disaster risk governance of world heritage:①understanding the mechanisms by which climate hazards affect OUV and devel-oping systematic risk identification approaches;②constructing multi-source knowledge-integrated risk assess-ment systems combining climate modeling,hazard evaluation,heritage condition assessment,and indigenous early-warning knowledge;③developing a"Value-Knowledge-Action"three-dimensional collaborative gover-nance framework;and④refining localized governance models and distilling a"China Approach"based on domes-tic conservation practices.A full-cycle governance pathway structured around four sequential phases is proposed:risk identification and assessment,prevention and mitigation,emergency response,and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction.The"Three Parallel Rivers of Yunnan Protected Areas"World Natural Heritage site is pre-sented as a representative case study,demonstrating the integration of scientific assessment(e.g.,an informa-tion quantity model based on eight indicators combined with NDVI-based ecological vulnerability evaluation)with traditional ecological knowledge(e.g.,community-based conservation and customary norms codified into village regulations).It is concluded in this paper that effective climate disaster risk governance of world heritage requires a paradigm shift from reactive,sectoral approaches to proactive,integrated,and adaptive systems.Key success factors include placing OUV protection at the core of governance design,building robust knowledge plat-forms that bridge natural sciences,social sciences,and indigenous knowledge,fostering multi-level institutional coordination,ensuring meaningful community participation,and institutionalizing adaptive learning mecha-nisms.Theoretical references and methodological support are provided in this research for the sustainable conser-vation and climate disaster risk governance of world heritage sites globally.