茶叶主要功能成分抗衰老作用研究进展OA

Aging is a stepwise accumulation of cellular and molecular damage closely linked to oxidative stress,telo-mere attrition,and chronic inflammation,all of which markedly raise the risk of chronic disease.Numerous bioac-tive constituents in tea are believed to slow human aging.This paper reviewed how tea polyphenols,theanine,tea pigments,and tea polysaccharides act synergistically through multiple targets and pathways to delay aging.Epigal-locatechin gallate(EGCG)scavenges free radicals and activates the cell's master antioxidant switch Nrf2,inducing cytoprotective genes to restore redox and metabolic balance.Theanine traps reactive carbonyl species(RCS),boosts catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities,and suppresses inflammatory cascades,exerting protective effects in skeletal-muscle,neuronal,and tumor models.Theaflavins and theabrownins modulate gut mi-crobiota and block skin photo-aging,providing"inside-out"anti-aging actions.Tea polysaccharides reinforce endog-enous antioxidant defenses.Crude extracts often outperform purified fractions,implying a polyphenol-independent mechanism.In summary,these findings suggest that tea-derived bioactives offer a promising,natural,and safe ave-nue for anti-aging interventions.However,systematic clinical studies are still required to confirm their long-term ef-ficacy and optimal dosage.