蛇甜瓜果实形态建成的激素和转录组分析OA

Snake melon(Cucumis melo var.flexuosus)is a unique melon variety suitable for pickling and widely cultivat-ed in China.Using snake melon 551 as material,this study aimed to identify key genetic factors regulating fruit morpho-genesis by analyzing the change of hormonal content and transcriptomic characteristics at different fruit development stag-es,thereby providing a theoretical basis for melon quality improvement.Five key developmental stages of snake melon 551 were established:5 days before pollination(ZF5,-5 DAP),day of flowering(Z0,0 DAP),9 days after pollination(Z9,9 DAP),15 days after pollination(Z15,15 DAP),and 25 days after pollination(Z25,25 DAP).Flesh tissue was col-lected for hormonal content measurement and RNA-Seq analysis.DESeq2 was used to screen differentially expressed genes(DEGs).GO functional annotation,KEGG pathway,and WGCNA analyses were employed to identify key metabol-ic pathways,and qRT-PCR was used to validate the expression patterns of core genes.The results showed that transcrip-tome analysis across different stages identified a total of 12 052 DEGs,among which 37 genes were related to hormone biosynthesis and signal transduction.GO enrichment revealed that DEGs were primarily involved in membrane system construction and DNA-binding transcription regulation.KEGG analysis indicated these genes were significantly enriched in pathways such as secondary metabolite biosynthesis,plant hormone signal transduction,and amino acid metabolism.Hormonal assays showed that IAA mainly regulated fruit expansion in the early developmental stage,while GA24 and cZR also participated in regulating early fruit development.Notably,genes related to auxin,gibberellin,and cytokinin sig-naling pathways exhibited dynamic expression patterns.During the Z0-Z9 stage,the expression difference of AUX/IAA genes was 2-3 fold.The plant hormone signaling network plays a core regulatory role in the longitudinal growth of snake melon 551 fruit.Specifically,the auxin signaling hub genes AUX/IAA(MELO3C012951,MELO3C012952)and SAUR(MELO3C002378)showed a gradient expression pattern during the rapid fruit elongation period(Z0-Z15),suggesting these genes may drive fruit morphogenesis by regulating cell expansion.