西瓜染色体易位及少籽西瓜育种研究进展OA

With the improvement of consumption standards,the demand for seedless watermelon has gradually increased.At the diploid level,seedless watermelons are mostly obtained by artificially spraying plant growth regulators onto the pis-til ovaries to induce parthenocarpy,the method cannot be widely implemented under open field conditions.Traditional triploid seedless watermelon,while achieving seedless fruit and suitability for large-scale open field cultivation,suffer from the"three-low"problems:Low seed yield,low germination rate,and low seedling survival rate.Chromosome trans-location less-seed watermelon has significantly reduced seed number,offering both production and cultivation advantag-es,and they enable large-scale,simplified cultivation without the need for auxiliary chemical applications.This paper sys-tematically reviews the research progress on chromosome translocation in watermelon,focus on elucidating recent studies on the generation pathways and mechanisms of chromosome translocation.Additionally,it discusses the current applica-tions and future prospects of chromosome translocation in the breeding of less-seed watermelon.The objective is to pro-pose strategies for the creation of new translocation-based germplasm and the breeding of less-seed watermelon cultivar.