生物菌肥不同施用方式协同提高水稻产量与氮素利用率的效果研究OA

To screen suitable application modes of bio-fertilizer in rice production,this study used the late japonica rice cultivar Shanghaishida 19 as the test material and conducted field plot experiments to systematically investigate the effects of different bio-fertilizer application methods on rice yield,nitrogen accumulation and translocation,and nitrogen use efficiency(NUE).Six fertilization treatments were designed:T1,no nitrogen control;T2,conventional nitrogen application(pure N 225 kg/hm2);T3,T2+foliar spraying of bio-fertilizer at 3.75 L/hm2 at the 2-leaf-1-heart stage of seedlings;T4,T2+foliar spraying of bio-fertilizer at 7.5 L/hm2 at the 2-leaf-1-heart stage of seedlings;T5,T2+root-dipping with bio-fertilizer at 3.75 L/hm2 before transplanting;and T6,T2+root-dipping with bio-fertilizer at 7.5 L/hm2 before transplanting.The results showed that,compared with T2,co-application of bio-fertilizer significantly increased rice yield.Among these,treatment T6 achieved the highest yield,reaching 9 858.0 kg/hm2,representing a significant increase of 13.74%over T2,and its grains per panicle(97.1 grains)were significantly higher than those of other treatments(P<0.05).T6 also significantly increased stem-leaf nitrogen content and nitrogen accumulation at the tillering peak stage,panicle nitrogen content at the full heading stage,panicle nitrogen accumulation at maturity,and total plant nitrogen accumulation,while effectively reducing stem-leaf nitrogen retention rate.Regarding nitrogen use efficiency,the nitrogen recovery efficiency(47.40%),nitrogen agronomic efficiency(8.34 kg/kg),and nitrogen partial factor productivity(43.81 kg/kg)of T6 were significantly higher than those of T2 by 64.01%,171.66%,and 13.73%,respectively.In conclusion,based on conventional nitrogen application,root-dipping with bio-fertilizer at 7.5 L/hm2(diluted 5 times)before rice transplanting can effectively promote nitrogen accumulation in the early growth stage and its translocation to panicles,synergistically enhance rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency.This model is suitable as a bio-fertilizer application technology for promotion and application in green rice production.