混播比例与物种丰富度对青藏高原高寒区人工草地建植初期生产性能与营养品质的影响OA
Effects of Mixed Sowing Ratio and Species Richness on Productivity and Nutritional Quality at Early Establishment Stage of Artificial Grassland in Alpine Region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau
本研究旨在通过探讨青藏高原高寒区不同豆禾混播模式对人工草地建植初期生产性能及营养品质的影响,筛选适宜该地区的高产优质混播组合.本研究在甘肃省合作市卡加曼乡(海拔2 680 m)进行,以豆科牧草紫花苜蓿和红豆草,禾本科牧草猫尾草、披碱草、无芒雀麦和多年生黑麦草为材料,设置不同物种丰富度(1、2、4、6种)及豆禾比例(7:3、5:5、3:7)的混播处理,以单播为对照,于建植第2年(2023年)测定各处理的株高、鲜干草产量及营养物质产量.结果表明:①6种牧草按豆禾比5:5混播(A2处理)和4种牧草(红豆草+紫花苜蓿+披碱草+多年生黑麦草)按豆禾比5:5混播(B2处理)的全年干草产量总和显著高于单播(P<0.05).第1茬以6种牧草按豆禾比5:5混播处理的干草产量最高,达0.702 kg/m²;第2茬则以4种牧草按豆禾比5:5混播处理的产量最高,为1.415 kg/m².②种间竞争力分析表明,多年生黑麦草、紫花苜蓿和猫尾草竞争优势显著.③混播处理的单位面积营养物质产量高于单播,其中第1茬A2和B2处理的粗蛋白产量整体表现较高,第2茬B2处理的单位面积粗蛋白产量最高(257.659 g/m²).综上,在青藏高原高寒区建植人工草地时,采用多物种(4～6种)、豆禾比例5:5的混播模式,可在建植初期实现高产和优质的目的.
This study aimed to investigate the effects of leguminous and gramineous grasses with different mixed sow-ing patterns on the productivity and nutritional quality during the early establishment of artificial grassland in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and to identify optimal mixed combinations for high yield and superior quality in this area.This field experiment was conducted in Kajiaman town,Hezuo city,Gansu province(altitude 2 680 m).Medicago sativa,Onobrychis viciifolia,Phleum pratense,Elymus dahuricus,Bromus inermis Leyss,and Lolium perenne were used as test materials,and mixed sowing treatments with varying species richness(1,2,4,and 6 species)and ratios of leguminosae to gramineae(7:3,5:5,3:7)were set up,with monocultures as controls.Plant height,fresh and dry for-age yield and nutrient yield were measured in the second year after establishment(2023).The results showed as fol-lows:① The total annual hay yield of 6 grasses mixed sowing with leguminosae to gramineae ratio of 5:5(A2 treat-ment)and 4 grasses(Onobrychis viciifolia+Medicago sativa+Elymus dahuricu+Lolium perenne)mixed sowing with le-guminosae to gramineae ratio of 5:5(B2 treatment)was significantly higher than that of monoculture(P<0.05).In the first cut,the treatment A2 achieved the highest hay grass yield,reaching 0.702 kg/m2;in the second cut,the treatment B2 had the highest hay grass yield of 1.415 kg/m2.②Interspecific competitiveness analysis indicated that Lolium pe-renne,Medicago sativa,and Phleum pratense exhibited significant competitive advantages.③The nutrient yield per unit area of mixed sowing treatment was higher than that of monocropping.Among them,treatments A2 and B2 showed relatively high crude protein yields in the first cut,while treatment B2 had the highest crude protein yield in the second cut(257.659 g/m²).In conclusion,when establishing artificial grasslands in the alpine region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,the mixed sowing pattern with multiple species(4-6 species)and a 5:5 leguminosae-gramineae ratio can achieve high yield and high quality in the early establishment stage.
宁宝山;邱作金;于冬亮;张晓丽;王芊;魏育新;张朝祥;杨巨海;武慧娟
甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃民勤连古城国家级自然保护区管护中心,民勤 733300甘肃省草原技术推广总站,兰州 730020
农业科技
混播物种丰富度青藏高原高寒区干草产量营养物质产量
mixed sowingspecies richnessalpine region of Qinghai-Tibet Plateaudry forage yieldnutrient yield
《中国草食动物科学》 2026 (3)
67-75,9
省级生态文明建设重点研发项目(24YFFH001)甘肃省林草局自列科技项目(2023kj51,2024kj029)武威市科技计划B类项目(WW24B01NY055)
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