胃癌潜在新型生物标志物临床探索研究进展与展望OA

Gastric cancer is a highly prevalent malignancy worldwide.Challenges including difficult early diagnosis,substantial inter individual variability in treatment response,limited modalities for recurrence surveillance,and insufficient accuracy of prognostic assessment have long constrained improvements in patient survival.With advances in multi-omics technologies and liquid biopsy,gastric cancer biomarker research has entered a new era of precision and dynamic monitoring.This review systematically summarizes research progress across four critical domains:early screening,therapeutic efficacy prediction,recurrence surveillance,and prognostic evaluation.Circulating nucleic acids and metabolic biomarkers have enhanced the performance of noninvasive detection for early screening.Novel biomarkers provide evidence for individualized therapy in efficacy prediction.Molecular imaging enables precise detection of minimal residual disease in recurrence surveillance.Multi-omics integration has identified multiple molecular biomarkers with independent prognostic value.Current research demonstrates a trend toward integration,yet challenges persist,including biomarker heterogeneity,inefficient clinical translation,and inadequate standardization of detection methods.Future efforts should focus on establishing hierarchical biomarker systems,advancing prospective validation and interventional trials,developing accessible detection platforms,addressing special histological subtypes,and exploring combinatorial applications with emerging therapeutics to facilitate the translation of biomarkers from research discoveries to clinical practice,ultimately improving outcomes for gastric cancer patients.