牡丹丛枝菌根真菌多样性及其功能研究进展、问题与展望OA

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi(AMF),are pivotal soil microorganisms that establish extensive mutualistic symbiosis with plant roots,harboring rich species diversity and irreplaceable physiological and ecological functions.As a distinctive and precious woody flower endemic to China,Paeonia suffruticosa is a mycorrhiza-dependent plant and a total of 51 AMF species have been colonized in the rhizosphere of cultivated P.suffruticosa across China.Specifically,Acaulospora,Funneliformis,Glomus and Septoglomus are the dominant genera in Heze,Shandong Province,with Funneliformis geosporum and Septoglomus constrictum being the species with high occurrence frequency;Luoyang,Henan Province is dominated by Acaulospora,Funneliformis,Glomus and Rhizophagus,where Rhizophagus clarus has a relatively high occurrence frequency;Pengzhou,Sichuan Province is mainly composed of Acaulospora and Claroideoglomus,with Claroideoglomus claroideum having a relatively high occurrence frequency;Hanzhong,Shaanxi Province includes Acaulospora,Claroideoglomus,Glomus and Rhizophagus,and the species with high occurrence frequency are Acaulospora rehmii,Claroideoglomus claroideum and Rhizophagus aggregatus.Studies have demonstrated that AMF exert significant promotional effects on the growth and development,mineral element uptake,and stress resistance of P.suffruticosa.AMF can effectively enhance the absorption of mineral elements such as nitrogen,phosphorus,and potassium in P.suffruticosa;notably strengthen the photosynthetic capacity and root activity of plants,optimize root architecture,and thereby boost overall growth and development;and markedly improve the resistance of P.suffruticosa to high temperature,drought,salinity and other stresses by regulating leaf anatomical structure,physiological and biochemical metabolism,as well as osmotic adjustment ability.Nevertheless,current research on the molecular mechanisms underlying the AMF-Paeonia suffruticosa interaction remains insufficient,particularly in the aspects of investigating the community structure characteristics,physiological and ecological functions,diversity driving factors of AMF associated with P.suffruticosa by means of omics technologies,and developing field application techniques.Future studies are expected to achieve substantial breakthroughs in the fields of deepening the analysis of molecular mechanisms governing symbiotic interactions,constructing functional synthetic microbial communities,and developing precise and intelligent mycorrhizal cultivation technologies.These advances will further promote the industrial application of AMF in the green production of P.suffruticosa,thereby providing solid theoretical and technical support for the sustainable development of the P.suffruticosa industry.