电针通过PINK1/Parkin信号通路介导的线粒体自噬改善实验性近视豚鼠睫状肌纤维化OA

Objective To explore the effects of electroacupuncture intervention on the expression of mitochondrial autophagy-related factors and extracellular matrix remodeling-related factors in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs with lens-induced myopia(LIM).Methods The three-colored guinea pigs were randomly divided into a normal control(NC)group(normal rearing only),an LIM group(induced myopia in right eyes),an LIM+electroacupuncture intervention(LIM+EA)group(induced myopia in right eyes and electroacupuncture stimulation on bilateral temporal and Hegu acupoints),and an LIM+sham acupoint(LIM+SHAM)group(induced myopia in right eyes and electroacupuncture stimulation near the later-al gluteal muscle).Each group consisted of 24 guinea pigs,and all of them were treated for 6 weeks.The guinea pigs in each group underwent refractive power and axial length measurements,with their ciliary muscle tissues subjected to hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining and Masson staining.Quantitative polymerase chain reaction(q-PCR)and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels of PTEN-induced kinase 1(PINK1),Parkin,sequestosome 1(p62/SQSTM1),microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3B(LC3B),α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),and type Ⅰ collagen(Collagen Ⅰ)in the ciliary muscle tissues of guinea pigs.Flow cytometry was employed to measure the expression levels of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and mitochondrial membrane potential(ΔΨm)in the ciliary muscle tissues.Results Af-ter 4 and 6 weeks of intervention,the refractive power of guinea pigs in the LIM group was significantly reduced,and the ax-ial length was significantly extended compared to the NC group.The refractive power of guinea pigs in the LIM+EA group significantly increased,while the increase in axial length was slowed down compared to the LIM group,with statistically sig-nificant differences(all P＜0.001).The HE staining results showed that the ciliary muscle structure and tissue of guinea pigs in the NC group were intact,while the ciliary muscle structure of guinea pigs in the LIM group was disordered and ir-regularly arranged.The ciliary muscle structure of guinea pigs in the LIM+EA group showed significant improvement.The Masson staining results showed that only a small amount of blue collagen fibers were distributed in fine strips in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs in the NC group,while a large amount of blue collagen fibers were deposited in bundles in the ciliary muscle tissue of guinea pigs in the LIM group.The deposition of blue collagen fibers in the ciliary muscle tissue of guinea pigs in the LIM+EA group decreased.After 4 and 6 weeks of intervention,compared with the NC group,the relative expres-sion levels of PINK1,Parkin,α-SMA,and Collagen Ⅰ mRNA and protein in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs in the LIM group and the LIM+SHAM group significantly increased,while the relative expression levels of p62 mRNA and protein significantly decreased,and the differences were statistically significant(all P＜0.05).Compared with the LIM group,the LIM+EA group showed a significant decrease in the relative expression levels of PINK1,Parkin,α-SMA,and Collagen Ⅰ mRNA and protein in the ciliary muscle of guinea pigs,while the relative expression levels of p62 mRNA and protein increased signifi-cantly,with statistically significant differences(all P＜0.05).The results of flow cytometry analysis showed that compared with the NC group,the ciliary muscle cells of guinea pigs in the LIM group showed a significant increase in the ROS expres-sion levels and a decrease in ΔΨm levels,with statistically significant differences(both P＜0.01).Compared with the LIM group,the ciliary muscle cells of guinea pigs in the LIM+EA group showed a significant decrease in the ROS expression lev-els and an increase in ΔΨm levels,with statistically significant differences(both P＜0.01).Conclusion Electroacupunc-ture intervention can inhibit mitochondrial autophagy in the ciliary muscle of experimental myopic guinea pigs,reduce their extracellular matrix remodeling,and thus delay the development of myopia.