HIV合并结核分枝杆菌感染的生物标志物的诊断价值与研究进展OA
Diagnostic value and research progress of biomarkers for HIV co-infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)与结核分枝杆菌(MTB)合并感染是全球重大的公共卫生挑战,尤其对于免疫抑制患者,结核病是最常见的致死原因之一.HIV 感染显著改变宿主对 MTB 的免疫反应,导致结核病诊断更加复杂.传统的结核病诊断方法,如痰涂片和培养,在 HIV 感染者中灵敏度明显降低,尤其是对于 CD4 计数较低的患者和肺外结核患者.因此,近年来研究者致力于寻找各种类型的生物标志物以提高 HIV 感染者结核病诊断的准确性.该文围绕基于病原体的生物标志物诊断价值的最新进展及其在 HIV 人群中的局限性,继而分析基于宿主反应的新型标志物的应用潜力,最后对多标志物整合、人工智能等未来方向进行展望.
Co-infection with human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)poses a major global public health challenge.Particularly among immunocompromised patients,tuberculosis is one of the most common causes of death.HIV infection significantly alters the host's immune response to MTB,complicating the diagnosis of tuberculosis.Traditional diagnostic methods for tuberculosis,such as sputum smear and culture,show markedly reduced sensitivity in HIV-infected individuals,particular-ly among patients with low CD4 counts and those with extrapulmonary tuberculosis.Therefore,in recent years,researchers have been dedicated to identifying various types of biomarkers to improve the diagnostic accuracy of tuberculosis in HIV-infected individuals.This article focuses on the latest advancements in the diagnostic value of pathogen-based biomarkers and their limitations in HIV-positive populations,followed by an analysis of the application potential of novel host response-based biomarkers,and finally offers prospects for future directions such as multi-biomarker integration and artificial intelligence.
周璐;李秋静;戴静毅
大理大学公共卫生学院,云南 大理 671000云南省昆明市第三人民医院公共实验室暨新发传染病研究部,云南 昆明 650041大理大学公共卫生学院,云南 大理 671000||云南省昆明市第三人民医院公共实验室暨新发传染病研究部,云南 昆明 650041
医药卫生
人类免疫缺陷病毒结核分枝杆菌生物标志物诊断价值
human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MTB)biomarkersdiagnostic value
《右江医学》 2026 (4)
313-319,7
昆明市卫生科技人才培养项目[2023-SW-(技)-28]昆明市科技计划项目(2023-1-NS-007)
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