高活性功能微生物定向进化研究进展OA

During the industrial application of functional microorganisms,phenotypic degrada-tion such as reduced growth rate and decreased metabolic product synthesis capacity often oc-curs,severely affecting industrial outcomes and product quality.Directed evolution technolo-gy,which simulates natural evolutionary processes by combining artificially induced genetic variation with targeted screening,serves as a core strategy for enhancing strain stability and performance.However,its application in the field of functional microorganisms remains limit-ed.To promote the adoption of directed evolution in the functional microorganism industry,this article reviews the main causes of strain degradation in industrial settings and summari-zes the commonly used physical,chemical,and biological methods of directed evolution.By examining the molecular mechanisms,application outcomes,and limitations of these meth-ods,this review aims to provide theoretical support for maintaining desirable traits in func-tional microorganisms and to advance the widespread application of directed evolution tech-nology in the microbial industry.