温度与基质处理对太白贝母种子后熟及胚率的影响OA

This study examines how temperature and substrate affect embryo development and the proportion of mature embryos in Fritillaria taipaiensis seeds,to provide a theoretical and technical basis for optimizing dormancy-breaking protocols and standardizing cultivation.F.taipaiensis seeds were subjected to four temperature regimes(5,10,15,20℃)and five substrates(sandy soil,river sand,peat soil,sandy soil-peat mix,and river sand-peat mix).Seed-substrate mixtures(v/v=1∶4)were stratified at 5-20℃ under 50％-60％(w/w)moisture content,and sampled every 10 days.Embryo maturity rates were determined microscopically to identify the optimal temperature,substrate,and duration for after-ripening of F.taipaiensis seeds.The results demonstrated that low-temperature stratification(5℃ and 10℃)in combination with organic(peat soil)or highly aerated substrates(sandy soil and river sand)significantly accelerated embryo development of F.taipaiensis seeds.At 5℃,80 days of stratification on single substrates-sandy soil,river sand,and peat soil-pro-duced embryo rates well above the 100％reference(139.36％,160.00％and 130.33％,respective-ly),whereas the two mixed substrates(sandy soil+peat soil and river sand+peat soil)gave signif-icantly lower values(95.24％and 88.00％).At 10℃,river sand alone again achieved the highest embryo rate(120.00％),while the river-sand/peat-soil mixture recorded the lowest(88.00％).High-temperature stratification(15℃ and 20℃)markedly inhibited embryo development.After 80 days,the highest embryo rate at 15℃ was 75.00％(sandy soil),whereas at 20℃ it fell to just 44.44％(river sand).Low-temperature stratification at 5℃,combined with either organic(peat soil)or highly aerated substrates(sandy soil and river sand),effectively breaks seed dormancy,markedly accelerates embryo development,and shortens the after-ripening period.These findings provide critical parameters and theoretical guidance for standardizing seed pretreatment protocols in the artificial cultivation of Fritillaria taipaiensis.