文冠果杂交组合苗期遗传分析与家系评价OA

This study aimed to analyze the genetic variation of seedling growth traits and drought-related physiological indices in full-sib families of Xanthoceras sorbifolium,explore the genetic control patterns of different traits,and provide a theoretical basis for parental selection and early family screening in arid and semi-arid regions.Thirty full-sib families of Xanthoceras sorbifolium were used as experimental materials,and a seedling trial was conducted at the Weihe Experimental Station in Zhouzhi County,Shaanxi Province.The growth of two-year-old seedlings was measured,and the contents of superoxide dismutase(SOD),per-oxidase(POD),catalase(CAT),malondialdehyde(MDA),and proline(PRO)were determined after more than 30 days of natural drought stress.One-way analysis of variance(ANOVA)was conducted to test the differences among families.Combining ability analysis and genetic parameter estimation were used to ana-lyze genetic effects,and principal component analysis(PCA)was applied to comprehensively evaluate the families.Results shows:significant differences(P<0.05)were observed among hybrid combinations in both growth traits and drought-related physiological indices.The coefficients of variation of most traits ex-ceeded 20%,with SOD activity and diameter reaching 36.89%and 34.22%,respectively,indicating abun-dant genetic variation.The broad-sense heritability of all traits was greater than 80%,suggesting strong potential for selection.Combining ability analysis showed that male parents D1,D3,and D7 and female par-ents'Zhongshi 4'and'Zhongshi 9'exhibited relatively high general combining ability for most traits.Some combinations,such as 1-03,9-07,and 4-04,showed higher specific combining ability effects across multiple traits.Genetic parameter analysis indicated that the relative contributions of additive and non-additive genetic effects varied among traits,while most drought-related physiological traits were mainly controlled by non-additive effects.Three principal components were extracted by PCA,with a cumulative contribution rate of 74.583%,effectively integrating multi-trait information for comprehensive family eval-uation.'Zhongshi 4'and'Zhongshi 9'were preliminarily identified as superior candidate female parents,while D1,D3,and D7 were identified as promising male parents.Eight families,including 1-03,4-04,4-03,and 9-07 showed superior comprehensive performance at the seedling stage.