从"族类"概念演化看中国民族学自主知识体系建设OACHSSCD

In the era of dynasties that valued philosophy and sought unification,the contention for the Way of the King to unify the world did not lead to a pattern of numerous states.Ethnic differences were defined as differences in ritu-als and culture,and there was the possibility of evolution through education.The invasion of modern Western powers and the spread of the concept of the sovereign state sparked debates and choices between separate state-building for each eth-nic group and joint state-building for all ethnic groups,challenging the existing tradition of political unification.Long-term intermingling of bloodlines,economic interdependence,cultural inclusiveness,and social integration made it difficult for the Western concept of nationalism to neatly divide the political unity inherited from history.The Communist Party of China's political stance of ethnic equality,class unity,and the consistency of the people's identity led to the decline and withdrawal of ethnic nationalism.The traditional values,systems,and governance of political unification have gained an unprecedented common foundation and strong support for the unity and struggle of all ethnic groups.In this overall situa-tion and trend,the"ethnic"form and influence in China are different from those depicted in Western ethnology,and the knowledge system about"ethnicity"is also distinct."Ethnicity"was once a widely used indigenous concept in China,and its connotation has been enriched with social development,evolving from bloodline and clan to a community of people de-fined by cultural groups,and then to the contemporary general term for communities with the character"ethnic",reflect-ing the evolution of the indigenous discourse on ethnicity.