白洋淀流域典型平原农业小流域汛期面源污染模拟OACHSSCD
Simulation of diffuse source pollution in typical plain agricultural small watersheds of the Baiyangdian Basin during the flood season
华北平原地区汛期降雨呈集中脉冲式的时间分布特征,沟渠纵横分布,泵站是重要的农田排水途径.针对这一区域特征,构建了考虑沟渠-泵站调度的小时尺度 SWAT 模型,并以白洋淀流域下游安州小流域为例,结合小流域汛期场次事件实测数据开展了模型适用性分析,实现了流域农业面源特征解析,研究结果:(1)在场次降雨事件情景下,小时尺度 SWAT 模型能够精准刻画场次事件水深和水质过程.其中,水深模拟值与实测值的 R2和 RMSE 均值分别为 0.90 和 0.1146 m,沟渠总氮和总磷浓度模拟误差分别为 0.2524 mg/L 和 0.045 mg/L;(2)村庄下垫面的产流强度和总氮负荷明显高于农田,农田系统是总磷负荷输出的高风险热点地区;(3)村庄下垫面的硝态氮输出以地表径流输出为主,地下水淋溶过程是农田生态系统硝态氮输出的主要途径,农田总磷输出则以吸附态磷输出为主;(4)安州小流域启动泵站排水的累积降雨阈值约为 150 mm,总氮和总磷外排负荷分别为 1.95 t(0.35-0.60 t)和 0.375 t(0.10-0.65 t).研究对汛期农业面源污染精准防控提供可靠技术和模型工具支撑,实现农业面源污染全过程分要素系统模拟和风险识别.
The North China Plain is characterized by concentrated,pulse rainfall distributions during the flood season,with densely distributed ditches and channels,where pumping stations serve as a critical pathway for agricultural drainage.To address these regional features,an hourly-scale SWAT model was developed in this study by incorporating ditch-channel and pumping station operations.Using the Anzhou small watershed as a case study in the lower Baiyangdian Basin,the model's applicability was assessed based on measured event data during the flood season,and performed an analysis of agricultural non-point source pollution characteristics.Key findings included:(1)Under rainfall event scenarios,the hourly SWAT model could accurately captured event-based hydrological and water quality processes.The mean R2 and RMSE between simulated and observed water depth were 0.90 and 0.1146 m,respectively.On the other hand,the simulation errors for total nitrogen(TN)and total phosphorus(TP)concentrations in the ditch system were calculated as 0.2524 mg/L and 0.045 mg/L,respectively.(2)Runoff intensity and total nitrogen load from village areas were significantly higher than from croplands,whereas croplands were identified as high-risk hotspots for total phosphorus export.(3)Nitrate export from village surfaces occurred mainly via surface runoff,while groundwater leaching dominated nitrate export from cropland ecosystems.In croplands,phosphorus was primarily exported in adsorbed forms.(4)The cumulative rainfall threshold for triggering pumping station drainage in the Anzhou watershed was approximately 150 mm,corresponding to exported loads of 1.95 tons(range:0.35-3.60 tons)for total nitrogen and 0.375 tons(range:0.10-0.65 tons)for total phosphorus.This study provides a reliable technical and modeling tool to support precise prevention and control of agricultural diffuse source pollution during flood seasons,enabling systematic simulation and risk identification across the entire pollution process and its components.
庞树江;杜新忠;李慧芩;王娜;王若兮;栗志航;闫铁柱
河北工程大学数理科学与工程学院,邯郸 056038中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京昌平土壤质量国家野外科学观测研究站,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京 100081河北工程大学数理科学与工程学院,邯郸 056038中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京昌平土壤质量国家野外科学观测研究站,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京 100081中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所农业农村部面源污染控制重点实验室,北京昌平土壤质量国家野外科学观测研究站,北方干旱半干旱耕地高效利用全国重点实验室,北京 100081郑州大学水利与交通学院,郑州 450001生态环境部士壤与农业农村生态环境监管技术中心,北京 100012
沟渠泵站小时 SWAT 模型场次事件模拟污染特征识别
ditch-pump systemhourly SWAT modelevent-based simulationpollution characteristics identification
《生态学报》 2026 (9)
4468-4482,15
国家重点研发计划资助(2024YFD1700800)
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