针刺对中枢神经系统疾病线粒体稳态的调控作用:多靶点视角OA

Background:Mitochondrial dysfunction has been considered as a central pathological contributor to neu-ronal injury,impaired energy metabolism,and limited functional recovery in central nervous system(CNS)diseases.Acupuncture has been widely employed in the prevention,treatment,and rehabilitation of CNS diseases.However,its regulatory effects on mitochondrial homeostasis have not yet been system-atically reviewed. Methods:A comprehensive search of major English and Chinese databases was performed.Using a nar-rative review approach,relevant studies examining the effects of acupuncture on mitochondrial home-ostasis in CNS diseases were analyzed to summarize key outcomes,underlying mechanisms,and current limitations. Results:Acupuncture may modulate mitochondrial homeostasis in CNS diseases through multiple mech-anisms,including increased mitochondrial abundance,preservation of mitochondrial ultrastructure,en-hanced oxidative phosphorylation,elevated adenosine triphosphate production,reduced oxidative stress,and regulation of mitochondrial quality control(MQC)processes.Mechanistic studies implicate pathways such as Sirtuin 1/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator-1α/NRF1/mitochondrial transcription factor A pathway,PTEN-induced kinase 1/Parkin-related signaling,and Nrf2/Keap1-medi-ated redox regulation. Findings:Acupuncture appears to confer neuroprotection and promote neural repair through the co-ordinated regulation of these targets and processes.However,significant limitations persist,including insufficient assessment of dynamic mitochondrial function and flux,limited cell type-specific and time-resolved validation,insufficient evidence from genetic or pharmacological intervention studies,and sub-stantial heterogeneity in stimulation parameters and outcome measures.These issues restrict cross-study comparisons and clinical translation. Conclusion:Future research should focus on rigorous validation of the mechanisms by which acupunc-ture regulates mitochondrial homeostasis,emphasizing dynamic functional assessments,cell type-specific analyses,and causal mechanistic investigations.Integrating mechanistic markers with functional out-comes and clinically relevant biomarkers may facilitate translational applications.Overall,the modulation of mitochondrial homeostasis represents a promising pathway through which acupuncture exerts neuro-protective and restorative effects in CNS diseases.