血管性认知障碍与神经血管炎性衰老机制OA

Vascular cognitive impairment(VCI)is the second most common type of cognitive disorder in the elderly population,ranking only after Alzheimer's disease,with its clinical spectrum encompassing the entire progression from mild cognitive impairment to vascular dementia.Inflammaging,a prevalent low-grade chronic inflammatory state during aging,is closely associated with various age-related diseases,and has been confirmed to play a pivotal role in the occurrence and progression of VCI.The neurovascular unit(NVU),a core structure for maintaining normal brain function,consists of neurons,glial cells,vascular endothelial cells,pericytes,and the basement membrane.Through a complex intercellular signaling network,the NVU collaboratively regulates cerebral blood flow,maintains blood-brain barrier integrity,and provides the metabolic support for neuronal activity.This review focuses on the NVU to systematically elucidate the mechanisms by which inflammaging contributes to the development of VCI,aiming to reveal the intrinsic relationship between inflammaging and VCI from an inflammatory perspective and provide a theoretical basis for a deeper understanding of the pathophysiological processes of VCI.