莲藕田无人机植保与施肥作业参数优化及稳定性研究OA
Study on parameter optimization and stability of UAV-based plant protection and fertilization operations in lotus root fields
针对莲藕田传统植保与施肥方式存在的劳动强度大、作业效率低、植株易受损伤以及药肥沉积不均匀等问题,系统开展了农用无人机在莲藕田的植保与施肥作业参数优化及性能稳定性试验.植保作业采用大疆T25无人机,通过设置不同作业高度(5、6、7 m)、作业速度(4、5、6 m/s)及喷洒流量(2.0～4.2 L/min),测定雾滴在荷叶正、反面的沉积量、沉积密度、均匀度及穿透性.结果表明,当作业高度为 6 m、作业速度为 5 m/s 时(处理组 5),雾滴沉积与分布综合性能最佳:叶背沉积量达 1.05 μL/cm2,穿透性为 66.04％,叶面均匀度为 78.62％.施肥作业采用大疆T60 无人机,在作业高度(5、6、7 m)和作业速度(6、7、8 m/s)条件下进行复合肥撒施试验,测定实际施肥量偏差与作业幅宽稳定性.结果显示,实际施肥量偏差平均值为-2.0 kg/667 m2,误差率 9.5％;实际作业幅宽平均为6.82 m,与理论值偏差-0.18 m,变异系数仅 4.3％,其中以高度 6 m、速度 7 m/s 的组合表现最优.研究表明,无人机作业可显著提升莲藕田植保与施肥的作业效率、精准性及均匀性,同时避免人工下田对植株造成的损伤,具有重要的推广应用价值.
In response to the problems of high labor intensity,low operational efficiency,susceptibility to plant damage,and uneven deposition of pesticides and fertilizers associated with traditional plant protection and fertilization methods in lotus root fields,systematic experiments were conducted to optimize operational parameters and evaluate the performance stability of agricultural UAVs for these tasks.For plant protection operations,a DJI T25 UAV was employed,with trials carried out at varying operational heights(5,6,7 m),operational speeds(4,5,6 m/s),and spray flow rates(2.0～4.2 L/min)to measure droplet deposition amount,deposition density,uniformity,and penetration on both the upper and lower surfaces of lotus leaves.The results indicated that under the conditions of a 6 m operational height and a 5 m/s operational speed(Treatment Group 5),the overall performance of droplet deposition and distribution was optimal:the deposition amount on the lower leaf surface reached 1.05 μL/cm2,the penetration rate was 66.04％,and the uniformity on the upper leaf surface was 78.62％.For fertilization,a DJI T60 UAV was used to conduct compound fertilizer spreading tests under different operational heights(5,6,7 m)and operational speeds(6,7,8 m/s).The deviation in the actual fertilizer application rate and the stability of the operational swath width were determined.The findings revealed an average deviation in the actual application rate of-2.0 kg/667 m2,corresponding to an error rate of 9.5％.The average actual operational swath width was 6.82 m,with a deviation of-0.18 m from the theoretical value and a coefficient of variation of only 4.3％.The combination of a 6 m height and a 7 m/s speed demonstrated the best performance.This research demonstrated that UAV operations can significantly enhance the efficiency,precision,and uniformity of plant protection and fertilization in lotus root fields,while also preventing plant damage caused by manual field entry,highlighting their substantial potential for widespread application and promotion.
石林;朱明星;盛威;王凌云
金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321017金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321017金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321017金华市农业科学研究院,浙江 金华 321017
农业科技
莲藕田无人机植保参数优化沉积分布作业稳定性
lotus root fieldsUAV-based plant protectionparameter optimizationdeposition distributionoperational stability
《农业装备与车辆工程》 2026 (4)
26-32,57,8
浙江省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目(2023ZDXT06-02)
评论