2025/2026年冬季中国主要天气气候事件特征OA

During the 2025/2026 winter,China experienced significant climate anomalies,dominated by an obvious overall warming trend.The national average temperature was 1.5℃higher than the same period of the normal year,ranking the second highest since 1961 for the corresponding period.In contrast,the national average winter precipitation was 35.3%lower than the normal,with considerable spatial variations;specifically,Tibet and Yunnan recorded the least precipitation since 1961 for this period,while Qinghai had the second least.The main meteorological disasters in this season were cold waves,droughts,and dusts,featuring strong intensity,wide-ranging impact,and prominent extremeness.Despite the overall warming background,extreme low temperature and extreme temperature drop events remained prominent:three different national meteorological observation stations broke or equaled historical extremes in daily minimum temperature and daily temperature drop range,indicating obvious cold-warm fluctuations.Throughout the season,there were 13 cold wave processes,2.7 times more than the normal;among them,five national-level cold waves and strong cold events moved southward,causing large-scale sharp temperature drops and continuous low temperatures.Meteorological drought developed in stages,showing a spatial pattern of"heavier in the south and lighter in the north",with persistently severe drought in western Southwest China,eastern and southeastern South China,which reached its peak in mid-to-late February.Dust weather was abnormally frequent and intense,with six regional processes,three of which reached the sandstorm level;strong processes were concentrated in late February,affecting most areas in northern China and bringing strong winds,blowing sand,and severe sandstorms to many places.Circulation analysis showed that during the 2025/2026 winter,the 500 hPa geopotential height field over the mid-high latitudes of Eurasia was dominated by a zonal circulation,with a weak East Asian trough located westward and northward;most parts of China were controlled by a positive height anomaly,which favored the higher-than-normal winter temperature.Additionally,the two national-level cold waves in this season were driven by abnormal mid-high latitude circulation,where the abnormal polar vortex,active trough-ridge system,and southward accumulation of cold air jointly affected most parts of China.