畜牧业甲烷排放现状、减排技术及挑战分析OA

The animal husbandry sector is a pivotal area for achieving China's food security and dual carbon goals(carbon peak and carbon neutrality).The control of methane(CH4)emissions from this sector holds profound implications for the self-sufficiency rate of livestock products,the optimization of dietary patterns,and the response to climate change.This paper systematically analyzes the current status of CH4 emissions from the livestock sector,emission reduction technologies,as well as the gaps and needs in CH4 mitigation technologies across the top ten global CH4 emitting countries and regions(six Annex Ⅰ countries and regions and four non-Annex Ⅰ countries).From 1990 to the latest reporting year,the growth in livestock CH4 emissions in major emitting countries has been primarily driven by non-Annex Ⅰ Parties(e.g.,China and Brazil),closely linked to dietary transitions and the expansion of livestock farming scales.In contrast,Annex Ⅰ Parties(e.g.,the United States and the European Union)have reached a plateau or shown a declining trend.China has relatively low per capita emissions.With the increase in China's livestock production,CH4 emissions from both enteric fermentation and manure management have shown an upward trend.Facing challenges related to the sustainable development of animal husbandry,climate change mitigation,and international climate diplomacy,CH4 reduction necessitates a comprehensive consideration of multiple factors,including genetic breeding,feed regulation,manure treatment,and resource utilization.Furthermore,integrating policy standards with optimized emission reduction technologies is essential to establish a full-chain management and control technology system.This approach will facilitate the low-carbon and efficient transformation of the animal husbandry sector,balancing stable supply with emission reduction goals to achieve green and high-quality development in the sector.