反恐人工智能应用的人权风险、全球治理赤字及应对OACHSSCD

[Purpose]In response to the emerging global security issue of artificial intelligence(AI)applications in counter-terrorism,this study examines the human rights risks that may arise from the integration of AI technologies into counter-terrorism practices,analyzes the current state and deficits of global governance in counter-terrorism AI applications,and proposes corresponding pathways and measures to address these challenges.[Method]Anchored in the core tension between the expansion of state counter-terrorism powers and the protec-tion of human rights,this study follows a three-dimensional framework of ″risk identification-governance deconstruction-coordinated re-sponse″.First,it employs a scenario-based analytical approach to identify the human rights risks associated with the application of AI in counter-terrorism.Second,through normative and comparative analyses,it examines the current state of global governance of counter-ter-rorism AI applications and identifies existing governance deficits.Finally,using a normative construction approach,the study proposes pathways and measures to address these global governance deficits in the application of AI to counter-terrorism.[Result/Conclusion]The application of counter-terrorism AI poses severe infringements on human rights such as the right to privacy,the right to equality and non-discrimination,the right to freedom of expression,and the right to a fair trial.The global governance of counter-terrorism AI applica-tions is in a deficit state characterized by the absence of hard law and fragmentation.To improve the global governance of counter-terror-ism AI applications,on the one hand,a hard-law governance mechanism for counter-terrorism AI based on human rights protection should be constructed;on the other hand,the roles of the United Nations,the European Court of Human Rights,the Court of Justice of the European Union and China should be fully exerted to promote the formation of a global governance consensus on counter-terrorism AI.