基于耳廓测量的开放式耳机漏音模型OA

Open-wearable stereo(OWS)earphones have garnered widespread application due to their superior wearing comfort.However,the issue of sound leakage in quiet environments remains a critical challenge.Addressing the limitation that existing leakage models,most of which are derived from in-ear earphones-primarily focus on modeling the leakage gap while neglecting the influence of the pinna during propagation,this paper proposes a leakage model based on pinna measurements.This model decomposes the physical process of sound leakage into two distinct components:the equivalent sound source and the propagation path.First,an equivalent circuit model comprising two parallel branches-the open gap and structural vibration-is constructed to characterize the acoustic properties of sound leakage in OWS earphones.This reveals that far-field leakage is dominated by radiation from the open gap.Second,a Pinna-Related Transfer Function(PRTF)filter is introduced to characterize the path effects of leakage sound waves propagating around the pinna.Simulation and experimental results demonstrate that the proposed model more accurately fits the peak and valley characteristics of measured leakage data in the mid-to-high frequency range.This work provides a theoretical basis for the acoustic analysis of sound leakage and the structural design of leakage suppression in OWS earphones.