落新妇苷现代研究OA

Astilbin(AST),a dihydroflavonoid present in traditional Chinese medicinal such as Tufuling(Smilax Glabra)and Huangqi(Astragali Radix).Recent studies have demonstrated that AST exhibits a broad spectrum of favorable pharmacological properties,including antioxidant,anti-inflammatory,immunomodulatory,glucose-regulating,neuroprotective,antitumor,and anti-hyperuricemic activities.It exhibits multi-pathway and multi-target characteristics in the treatment of various diseases,such as autoimmune,metabolic,and neurological disorders,as well as in cancer.These involve a range of signaling pathways,such as Nrf2/HO-1,MAPK/NF-κB/NLRP3,PI3K/AKT,TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB,JAK/STAT,P2Y6R/IL-8/CXCR2.Toxicological assessments indicate that AST possesses a favorable safety profile.However,pharmacokinetic studies highlight several challenges,including low oral bioavailability,rapid absorption and elimination,and instability under alkaline conditions.Among its metabolites,3'-O-methylastilbin serves as the primary active form,with 4'-O-methylastilbin as a secondary active derivative.To overcome these limitations,nanoformulations of AST have been developed,which prolong its half-life,improve absorption,and enhance bioavailability.By comprehensively reviewing literature from databases including CNKI,VIP,PubMed,and Web of Science,this article summarizes recent advances in the pharmacological activities,mechanisms,toxicology,pharmacokinetics,and nanoformulation strategies of AST.We anticipate that this systematic overview will facilitate further exploration of AST's therapeutic potential and support its clinical translation and drug development.